1 更新
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
2 安装依赖项
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev libeigen3-dev libtheora-dev libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev sphinx-common libtbb-dev yasm libfaac-dev libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev libopenexr-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev libavutil-dev libavfilter-dev libavresample-dev
3 下载opencv
进入这个网址：https://github.com/opencv/opencv/releases 选择对应的版本。</p>
<pre><code class="language-powershell">sudo su
cd /opt
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
cd opencv
git checkout 4.5.3
cd ..
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib.git
cd opencv_contrib
git checkout 4.5.3
cd ..
</code></pre>
<p>4 编译和安装opencv</p>
<pre><code class="language-powershell">/opt$ cd opencv
/opt/opencv$ mkdir release
/opt/opencv$ cd release
/opt/opencv/release$ cmake -D BUILD_TIFF=ON -D WITH_CUDA=OFF -D ENABLE_AVX=OFF -D WITH_OPENGL=OFF -D WITH_OPENCL=OFF -D WITH_IPP=OFF -D WITH_TBB=ON -D BUILD_TBB=ON -D WITH_EIGEN=OFF -D WITH_V4L=OFF -D WITH_VTK=OFF -D BUILD_TESTS=OFF -D BUILD_PERF_TESTS=OFF -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/opt/opencv_contrib/modules /opt/opencv/
/opt/opencv/release$ make -j4
/opt/opencv/release$ make install
/opt/opencv/release$ ldconfig
/opt/opencv/release$ exit
/opt/opencv/release$ cd ~
</code></pre>
<p>5 检查安装是否成功</p>
<pre><code class="language-powershell">pkg-config --modversion opencv
pkg-config --modversion opencv4
</code></pre>
<p>如果报错："No package" "opencv4.pc" "found"
OpenCV4以上版本默认不使用pkg-config，但是可以通过相应的编译选项开启该功能。
在第4步cmake命令后添加</p>
<pre><code class="language-powershell">-D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON
</code></pre>
<p>安装成功会显示对应的版本号</p>
<pre><code class="language-powershell">4.5.3
</code></pre>
<p>6 测试程序时候的一些错误</p>
<p>6.1 报错"fatal error:opencv2/core.hpp:没有那个文件目录"
这个时候进入/usr/local/include/ 目录里面，你能看到只有opencv4这个文件，这个时候把opencv4里面opencv2复制到/usr/local/include/目录里面。</p>
<pre><code class="language-powershell">/usr/local/include/opencv4$ sudo mv opencv2 /usr/local/include/
</code></pre>
<p>6.2 报错"error while loading shared libraries: libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5: cannot open shared object file"</p>
<p>找到该文件的路径</p>
<pre><code class="language-powershell">find -name "libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5"
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="language-powershell">./opencv/release/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.5
</code></pre>
<p>将整个lib文件路径添加到 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 即可。
LD_LIBRARY_PATH是Linux环境变量名，该环境变量主要用于指定查找共享库（动态链接库）时除了默认路径之外的其他路径。</p>
<pre><code class="language-powershell">gedit ~/.bashrc
</code></pre>
<p>在最后一行添加后</p>
<pre><code class="language-powershell">export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/opencv/release/lib
</code></pre>
<p>保存退出
使环境变量生效</p>
<pre><code class="language-powershell">source ~/.bashrc
</code></pre>
<p>7 最后编译测试</p>
<pre><code class="language-powershell">g++ main.cpp -o output -config –cflags –libs opencv4`
./output
参考
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44278406/article/details/103619191
https://blog.csdn.net/jcl314159/article/details/118672258
https://blog.csdn.net/chengyq116/article/details/104302959
总结
主要参考上面大佬的博客进行的安装学习，记录一些遇到的报错
c++版opencv学习记录。
这是不带GPU的版本，下次装下带GPU的。
Original: https://blog.csdn.net/Efdmmh_233/article/details/123984500
Author: 定品寻良骥，中正探人杰
Title: Ubuntu20.04安装C++版Opencv4
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