HttpHelper
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/// <summary>
/// 类说明：HttpHelper类，用来实现Http访问，Post或者Get方式的，直接访问，带Cookie的，带证书的等方式，可以设置代理
/// 重要提示：请不要自行修改本类，如果因为你自己修改后将无法升级到新版本。如果确实有什么问题请到官方网站提建议，
/// 我们一定会及时修改
/// 编码日期：2011-09-20
/// 编 码 人：苏飞
/// 联系方式：361983679
/// 官方网址：http://www.sufeinet.com/thread-3-1-1.html
/// 修改日期：2017-09-30
/// 版 本 号：1.9
/// </summary>
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
using System.Net.Security;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Cache;
namespace XXX.Common
{
/// <summary>
/// Http连接操作帮助类
/// </summary>
public class HttpHelper
{
#region 预定义方变量
//默认的编码
private Encoding encoding = Encoding.Default;
//Post数据编码
private Encoding postencoding = Encoding.Default;
//HttpWebRequest对象用来发起请求
private HttpWebRequest request = null;
//获取影响流的数据对象
private HttpWebResponse response = null;
//设置本地的出口ip和端口
private IPEndPoint _IPEndPoint = null;
#endregion
#region Public
/// <summary>
/// 根据相传入的数据，得到相应页面数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="item">参数类对象
/// <returns>返回HttpResult类型</returns>
public HttpResult GetHtml(HttpItem item)
{
//返回参数
HttpResult result = new HttpResult();
try
{
//准备参数
SetRequest(item);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//配置参数时出错
return new HttpResult() { Cookie = string.Empty, Header = null, Html = ex.Message, StatusDescription = "配置参数时出错：" + ex.Message };
}
try
{
//请求数据
using (response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse())
{
GetData(item, result);
}
}
catch (WebException ex)
{
if (ex.Response != null)
{
using (response = (HttpWebResponse)ex.Response)
{
GetData(item, result);
}
}
else
{
result.Html = ex.Message;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
result.Html = ex.Message;
}
if (item.IsToLower) result.Html = result.Html.ToLower();
//重置request，response为空
if (item.IsReset)
{
request = null;
response = null;
}
return result;
}
#endregion
#region GetData
/// <summary>
/// 获取数据的并解析的方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="item">
/// <param name="result">
private void GetData(HttpItem item, HttpResult result)
{
if (response == null)
{
return;
}
#region base
//获取StatusCode
result.StatusCode = response.StatusCode;
//获取StatusDescription
result.StatusDescription = response.StatusDescription;
//获取Headers
result.Header = response.Headers;
//获取最后访问的URl
result.ResponseUri = response.ResponseUri.ToString();
//获取CookieCollection
if (response.Cookies != null) result.CookieCollection = response.Cookies;
//获取set-cookie
if (response.Headers["set-cookie"] != null) result.Cookie = response.Headers["set-cookie"];
#endregion
#region byte
//处理网页Byte
byte[] ResponseByte = GetByte();
#endregion
#region Html
if (ResponseByte != null && ResponseByte.Length > 0)
{
//设置编码
SetEncoding(item, result, ResponseByte);
//得到返回的HTML
result.Html = encoding.GetString(ResponseByte);
}
else
{
//没有返回任何Html代码
result.Html = string.Empty;
}
#endregion
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置编码
/// </summary>
/// <param name="item">HttpItem
/// <param name="result">HttpResult
/// <param name="ResponseByte">byte[]
private void SetEncoding(HttpItem item, HttpResult result, byte[] ResponseByte)
{
//是否返回Byte类型数据
if (item.ResultType == ResultType.Byte) result.ResultByte = ResponseByte;
//从这里开始我们要无视编码了
if (encoding == null)
{
Match meta = Regex.Match(Encoding.Default.GetString(ResponseByte), "<meta[^<]*charset=([^<]*)[\"']", regexoptions.ignorecase); string c="string.Empty;" if (meta !="null" && meta.groups.count> 0)
{
c = meta.Groups[1].Value.ToLower().Trim();
}
if (c.Length > 2)
{
try
{
encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(c.Replace("\"", string.Empty).Replace("'", "").Replace(";", "").Replace("iso-8859-1", "gbk").Trim());
}
catch
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(response.CharacterSet))
{
encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
}
else
{
encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(response.CharacterSet);
}
}
}
else
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(response.CharacterSet))
{
encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
}
else
{
encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(response.CharacterSet);
}
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 提取网页Byte
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private byte[] GetByte()
{
byte[] ResponseByte = null;
using (MemoryStream _stream = new MemoryStream())
{
//GZIIP处理
if (response.ContentEncoding != null && response.ContentEncoding.Equals("gzip", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
{
//开始读取流并设置编码方式
new GZipStream(response.GetResponseStream(), CompressionMode.Decompress).CopyTo(_stream, 10240);
}
else
{
//开始读取流并设置编码方式
response.GetResponseStream().CopyTo(_stream, 10240);
}
//获取Byte
ResponseByte = _stream.ToArray();
}
return ResponseByte;
}
#endregion
#region SetRequest
/// <summary>
/// 为请求准备参数
/// </summary>
///<param name="item">参数列表
private void SetRequest(HttpItem item)
{
// 验证证书
SetCer(item);
if (item.IPEndPoint != null)
{
_IPEndPoint = item.IPEndPoint;
//设置本地的出口ip和端口
request.ServicePoint.BindIPEndPointDelegate = new BindIPEndPoint(BindIPEndPointCallback);
}
//设置Header参数
if (item.Header != null && item.Header.Count > 0)
{
foreach (string key in item.Header.AllKeys)
{
if (!request.Headers.AllKeys.Contains(key))
request.Headers.Add(key, item.Header[key]);
}
}
// 设置代理
SetProxy(item);
if (item.ProtocolVersion != null) request.ProtocolVersion = item.ProtocolVersion;
request.ServicePoint.Expect100Continue = item.Expect100Continue;
//请求方式Get或者Post
request.Method = item.Method;
request.Timeout = item.Timeout;
request.KeepAlive = item.KeepAlive;
request.ReadWriteTimeout = item.ReadWriteTimeout;
if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(item.Host))
{
request.Host = item.Host;
}
if (item.IfModifiedSince != null) request.IfModifiedSince = Convert.ToDateTime(item.IfModifiedSince);
//Accept
request.Accept = item.Accept;
//ContentType返回类型
request.ContentType = item.ContentType;
//UserAgent客户端的访问类型，包括浏览器版本和操作系统信息
request.UserAgent = item.UserAgent;
// 编码
encoding = item.Encoding;
//设置安全凭证
request.Credentials = item.ICredentials;
//设置Cookie
SetCookie(item);
//来源地址
request.Referer = item.Referer;
//是否执行跳转功能
request.AllowAutoRedirect = item.Allowautoredirect;
if (item.MaximumAutomaticRedirections > 0)
{
request.MaximumAutomaticRedirections = item.MaximumAutomaticRedirections;
}
//设置Post数据
SetPostData(item);
//设置最大连接
if (item.Connectionlimit > 0) request.ServicePoint.ConnectionLimit = item.Connectionlimit;
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置证书
/// </summary>
/// <param name="item">
private void SetCer(HttpItem item)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(item.CerPath))
{
//这一句一定要写在创建连接的前面。使用回调的方法进行证书验证。
ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = new System.Net.Security.RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(CheckValidationResult);
//初始化对像，并设置请求的URL地址
request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(item.URL);
SetCerList(item);
//将证书添加到请求里
request.ClientCertificates.Add(new X509Certificate(item.CerPath));
}
else
{
//初始化对像，并设置请求的URL地址
request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(item.URL);
SetCerList(item);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置多个证书
/// </summary>
/// <param name="item">
private void SetCerList(HttpItem item)
{
if (item.ClentCertificates != null && item.ClentCertificates.Count > 0)
{
foreach (X509Certificate c in item.ClentCertificates)
{
request.ClientCertificates.Add(c);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置Cookie
/// </summary>
/// <param name="item">Http参数
private void SetCookie(HttpItem item)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(item.Cookie)) request.Headers[HttpRequestHeader.Cookie] = item.Cookie;
//设置CookieCollection
if (item.ResultCookieType == ResultCookieType.CookieCollection)
{
request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
if (item.CookieCollection != null && item.CookieCollection.Count > 0)
request.CookieContainer.Add(item.CookieCollection);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置Post数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="item">Http参数
private void SetPostData(HttpItem item)
{
//验证在得到结果时是否有传入数据
if (!request.Method.Trim().ToLower().Contains("get"))
{
if (item.PostEncoding != null)
{
postencoding = item.PostEncoding;
}
byte[] buffer = null;
//写入Byte类型
if (item.PostDataType == PostDataType.Byte && item.PostdataByte != null && item.PostdataByte.Length > 0)
{
//验证在得到结果时是否有传入数据
buffer = item.PostdataByte;
}//写入文件
else if (item.PostDataType == PostDataType.FilePath && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(item.Postdata))
{
StreamReader r = new StreamReader(item.Postdata, postencoding);
buffer = postencoding.GetBytes(r.ReadToEnd());
r.Close();
} //写入字符串
else if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(item.Postdata))
{
buffer = postencoding.GetBytes(item.Postdata);
}
if (buffer != null)
{
request.ContentLength = buffer.Length;
request.GetRequestStream().Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
}
else
{
request.ContentLength = 0;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置代理
/// </summary>
/// <param name="item">参数对象
private void SetProxy(HttpItem item)
{
bool isIeProxy = false;
if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(item.ProxyIp))
{
isIeProxy = item.ProxyIp.ToLower().Contains("ieproxy");
}
if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(item.ProxyIp) && !isIeProxy)
{
//设置代理服务器
if (item.ProxyIp.Contains(":"))
{
string[] plist = item.ProxyIp.Split(':');
WebProxy myProxy = new WebProxy(plist[0].Trim(), Convert.ToInt32(plist[1].Trim()));
//建议连接
myProxy.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(item.ProxyUserName, item.ProxyPwd);
//给当前请求对象
request.Proxy = myProxy;
}
else
{
WebProxy myProxy = new WebProxy(item.ProxyIp, false);
//建议连接
myProxy.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(item.ProxyUserName, item.ProxyPwd);
//给当前请求对象
request.Proxy = myProxy;
}
}
else if (isIeProxy)
{
//设置为IE代理
}
else
{
//request.Proxy = item.WebProxy;
}
}
#endregion
#region private main
/// <summary>
/// 回调验证证书问题
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">流对象
/// <param name="certificate">证书
/// <param name="chain">X509Chain
/// <param name="errors">SslPolicyErrors
/// <returns>bool</returns>
private bool CheckValidationResult(object sender, X509Certificate certificate, X509Chain chain, SslPolicyErrors errors) { return true; }
/// <summary>
/// 通过设置这个属性，可以在发出连接的时候绑定客户端发出连接所使用的IP地址。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="servicePoint">
/// <param name="remoteEndPoint">
/// <param name="retryCount">
/// <returns></returns>
private IPEndPoint BindIPEndPointCallback(ServicePoint servicePoint, IPEndPoint remoteEndPoint, int retryCount)
{
return _IPEndPoint;//端口号
}
#endregion
}
#region public calss
/// <summary>
/// Http请求参考类
/// </summary>
public class HttpItem
{
/// <summary>
/// 请求URL必须填写
/// </summary>
public string URL { get; set; }
string _Method = "GET";
/// <summary>
/// 请求方式默认为GET方式,当为POST方式时必须设置Postdata的值
/// </summary>
public string Method
{
get { return _Method; }
set { _Method = value; }
}
int _Timeout = 100000;
/// <summary>
/// 默认请求超时时间
/// </summary>
public int Timeout
{
get { return _Timeout; }
set { _Timeout = value; }
}
int _ReadWriteTimeout = 30000;
/// <summary>
/// 默认写入Post数据超时间
/// </summary>
public int ReadWriteTimeout
{
get { return _ReadWriteTimeout; }
set { _ReadWriteTimeout = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置Host的标头信息
/// </summary>
public string Host { get; set; }
Boolean _KeepAlive = true;
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置一个值，该值指示是否与 Internet 资源建立持久性连接默认为true。
/// </summary>
public Boolean KeepAlive
{
get { return _KeepAlive; }
set { _KeepAlive = value; }
}
string _Accept = "text/html, application/xhtml+xml, */*";
/// <summary>
/// 请求标头值 默认为text/html, application/xhtml+xml, */*
/// </summary>
public string Accept
{
get { return _Accept; }
set { _Accept = value; }
}
string _ContentType = "text/html";
/// <summary>
/// 请求返回类型默认 text/html
/// </summary>
public string ContentType
{
get { return _ContentType; }
set { _ContentType = value; }
}
string _UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0)";
/// <summary>
/// 客户端访问信息默认Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0)
/// </summary>
public string UserAgent
{
get { return _UserAgent; }
set { _UserAgent = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回数据编码默认为NUll,可以自动识别,一般为utf-8,gbk,gb2312
/// </summary>
public Encoding Encoding { get; set; }
private PostDataType _PostDataType = PostDataType.String;
/// <summary>
/// Post的数据类型
/// </summary>
public PostDataType PostDataType
{
get { return _PostDataType; }
set { _PostDataType = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Post请求时要发送的字符串Post数据
/// </summary>
public string Postdata { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Post请求时要发送的Byte类型的Post数据
/// </summary>
public byte[] PostdataByte { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Cookie对象集合
/// </summary>
public CookieCollection CookieCollection { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 请求时的Cookie
/// </summary>
public string Cookie { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 来源地址，上次访问地址
/// </summary>
public string Referer { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 证书绝对路径
/// </summary>
public string CerPath { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 设置代理对象，不想使用IE默认配置就设置为Null，而且不要设置ProxyIp
/// </summary>
public WebProxy WebProxy { get; set; }
private Boolean isToLower = false;
/// <summary>
/// 是否设置为全文小写，默认为不转化
/// </summary>
public Boolean IsToLower
{
get { return isToLower; }
set { isToLower = value; }
}
private Boolean allowautoredirect = false;
/// <summary>
/// 支持跳转页面，查询结果将是跳转后的页面，默认是不跳转
/// </summary>
public Boolean Allowautoredirect
{
get { return allowautoredirect; }
set { allowautoredirect = value; }
}
private int connectionlimit = 1024;
/// <summary>
/// 最大连接数
/// </summary>
public int Connectionlimit
{
get { return connectionlimit; }
set { connectionlimit = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 代理Proxy 服务器用户名
/// </summary>
public string ProxyUserName { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 代理 服务器密码
/// </summary>
public string ProxyPwd { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 代理 服务IP,如果要使用IE代理就设置为ieproxy
/// </summary>
public string ProxyIp { get; set; }
private ResultType resulttype = ResultType.String;
/// <summary>
/// 设置返回类型String和Byte
/// </summary>
public ResultType ResultType
{
get { return resulttype; }
set { resulttype = value; }
}
private WebHeaderCollection header = new WebHeaderCollection();
/// <summary>
/// header对象
/// </summary>
public WebHeaderCollection Header
{
get { return header; }
set { header = value; }
}
/// <summary>
// 获取或设置用于请求的 HTTP 版本。返回结果:用于请求的 HTTP 版本。默认为 System.Net.HttpVersion.Version11。
/// </summary>
public Version ProtocolVersion { get; set; }
private Boolean _expect100continue = false;
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置一个 System.Boolean 值，该值确定是否使用 100-Continue 行为。如果 POST 请求需要 100-Continue 响应，则为 true；否则为 false。默认值为 true。
/// </summary>
public Boolean Expect100Continue
{
get { return _expect100continue; }
set { _expect100continue = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置509证书集合
/// </summary>
public X509CertificateCollection ClentCertificates { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 设置或获取Post参数编码,默认的为Default编码
/// </summary>
public Encoding PostEncoding { get; set; }
private ResultCookieType _ResultCookieType = ResultCookieType.String;
/// <summary>
/// Cookie返回类型,默认的是只返回字符串类型
/// </summary>
public ResultCookieType ResultCookieType
{
get { return _ResultCookieType; }
set { _ResultCookieType = value; }
}
private ICredentials _ICredentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
/// <summary>
/// 获取或设置请求的身份验证信息。
/// </summary>
public ICredentials ICredentials
{
get { return _ICredentials; }
set { _ICredentials = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置请求将跟随的重定向的最大数目
/// </summary>
public int MaximumAutomaticRedirections { get; set; }
private DateTime? _IfModifiedSince = null;
/// <summary>
/// 获取和设置IfModifiedSince，默认为当前日期和时间
/// </summary>
public DateTime? IfModifiedSince
{
get { return _IfModifiedSince; }
set { _IfModifiedSince = value; }
}
#region ip-port
private IPEndPoint _IPEndPoint = null;
/// <summary>
/// 设置本地的出口ip和端口
/// </summary>]
/// <example>
///item.IPEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.1"),80);
/// </example>
public IPEndPoint IPEndPoint
{
get { return _IPEndPoint; }
set { _IPEndPoint = value; }
}
#endregion
private bool _isReset = false;
/// <summary>
/// 是否重置request,response的值，默认不重置，当设置为True时request,response将被设置为Null
/// </summary>
public bool IsReset
{
get { return _isReset; }
set { _isReset = value; }
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Http返回参数类
/// </summary>
public class HttpResult
{
/// <summary>
/// Http请求返回的Cookie
/// </summary>
public string Cookie { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Cookie对象集合
/// </summary>
public CookieCollection CookieCollection { get; set; }
private string _html = string.Empty;
/// <summary>
/// 返回的String类型数据 只有ResultType.String时才返回数据，其它情况为空
/// </summary>
public string Html
{
get { return _html; }
set { _html = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回的Byte数组 只有ResultType.Byte时才返回数据，其它情况为空
/// </summary>
public byte[] ResultByte { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// header对象
/// </summary>
public WebHeaderCollection Header { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 返回状态说明
/// </summary>
public string StatusDescription { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 返回状态码,默认为OK
/// </summary>
public HttpStatusCode StatusCode { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 最后访问的URl
/// </summary>
public string ResponseUri { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 获取重定向的URl
/// </summary>
public string RedirectUrl
{
get
{
try
{
if (Header != null && Header.Count > 0)
{
if (Header.AllKeys.Any(k => k.ToLower().Contains("location")))
{
string baseurl = Header["location"].ToString().Trim();
string locationurl = baseurl.ToLower();
if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(locationurl))
{
bool b = locationurl.StartsWith("http://") || locationurl.StartsWith("https://");
if (!b)
{
baseurl = new Uri(new Uri(ResponseUri), baseurl).AbsoluteUri;
}
}
return baseurl;
}
}
}
catch { }
return string.Empty;
}
}
public CookieContainer CookieContainer { get; set; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回类型
/// </summary>
public enum ResultType
{
/// <summary>
/// 表示只返回字符串 只有Html有数据
/// </summary>
String,
/// <summary>
/// 表示返回字符串和字节流 ResultByte和Html都有数据返回
/// </summary>
Byte
}
/// <summary>
/// Post的数据格式默认为string
/// </summary>
public enum PostDataType
{
/// <summary>
/// 字符串类型，这时编码Encoding可不设置
/// </summary>
String,
/// <summary>
/// Byte类型，需要设置PostdataByte参数的值编码Encoding可设置为空
/// </summary>
Byte,
/// <summary>
/// 传文件，Postdata必须设置为文件的绝对路径，必须设置Encoding的值
/// </summary>
FilePath
}
/// <summary>
/// Cookie返回类型
/// </summary>
public enum ResultCookieType
{
/// <summary>
/// 只返回字符串类型的Cookie
/// </summary>
String,
/// <summary>
/// CookieCollection格式的Cookie集合同时也返回String类型的cookie
/// </summary>
CookieCollection
}
#endregion
}
</meta[^<]*charset=([^<]*)[\"']",>
封装后的Request
点击查看代码
private HttpResult Request(HttpItem item, CookieContainer cookieContainer)
{
HttpHelper http = new HttpHelper();
var uri = new Uri(item.URL);
if (item.Header == null)
{
item.Header = new WebHeaderCollection();
}
item.Header.Add(HttpRequestHeader.AcceptEncoding, "gzip, deflate");
item.Header.Add(HttpRequestHeader.AcceptLanguage, "zh-Hans-CN,zh-Hans;q=0.5");
item.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko";
item.ResultCookieType = ResultCookieType.CookieCollection;
item.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version11;
item.CookieCollection = cookieContainer.GetCookies(uri);
var a = http.GetHtml(item);
if (a.CookieCollection != null && a.CookieCollection.Count > 0)
{
foreach (Cookie cookie in a.CookieCollection)
{
if (cookie.Path == uri.LocalPath)
{
var arr = uri.LocalPath.Split('/');
if (arr.Length >= 2)
cookie.Path = "/" + arr[1];
}
}
cookieContainer.Add(a.CookieCollection);
}
a.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;
return a;
}
关于请求的调试
在使用http请求时，发现代码发起的请求和浏览器发起的请求很相似但是响应的内容差距非常大，那么可以使用fiddler工具的数据重发功能和调试功能，不断进行数据重发并修改请求头和请求体找出代码请求和浏览器请求的区别，从而找到问题。
Original: https://www.cnblogs.com/haowuji/p/15900242.html
Author: 下-个路口
Title: 简单记录CookieCollection的使用
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