简介：临时的，在ansible中是指需要快速执行的单条命令，并且不需要保存的命令。对于复杂的命令则为 playbook。
1、复制模块
可在终端执行ansible-doc copy查询帮助
[root@ansible ~]# ansible-doc copy
> COPY (/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible/modules/files/copy.py)
The copy' module copies a file from the local or remote machine to a location on the remote machine. Use the
[fetch] module to copy files from remote locations to the local box. If you need variable interpolation in
copied files, use the [template] module. Using a variable in the ' field will result in unpredictable
output. For Windows targets, use the [win_copy] module instead.
* This module is maintained by The Ansible Core Team
* note: This module has a corresponding action plugin.
OPTIONS (= is mandatory):
- attributes
The attributes the resulting file or directory should have.
To get supported flags look at the man page for chattr' on the target system.
This string should contain the attributes in the same order as the one displayed by '.
The =' operator is assumed as default, otherwise +' or -' operators need to be included in the string.
(Aliases: attr)[Default: (null)]
type: str
version_added: 2.3
- backup
Create a backup file including the timestamp information so you can get the original file back if you somehow
clobbered it incorrectly.
[Default: False]
type: bool
version_added: 0.7
- checksum
SHA1 checksum of the file being transferred.
Used to validate that the copy of the file was successful.
If this is not provided, ansible will use the local calculated checksum of the src file.
[Default: (null)]
type: str
version_added: 2.5
- content
When used instead of ', sets the contents of a file directly to the specified value.
Works only when dest' is a file. Creates the file if it does not exist.
For advanced formatting or if ' contains a variable, use the [template] module.
[Default: (null)]
type: str
version_added: 1.1
- decrypt
This option controls the autodecryption of source files using vault.
[Default: True]
type: bool
version_added: 2.4
= dest
Remote absolute path where the file should be copied to.
If src' is a directory, this must be a directory too.
If ' is a non-existent path and if either dest' ends with "/" or ' is a directory, dest' is created.
If ' is a relative path, the starting directory is determined by the remote host.
If src' and ' are files, the parent directory of dest' is not created and the task fails if it does not
already exist.
type: path
- directory_mode
When doing a recursive copy set the mode for the directories.
If this is not set we will use the system defaults.
The mode is only set on directories which are newly created, and will not affect those that already existed.
[Default: (null)]
type: raw
version_added: 1.5
- follow
This flag indicates that filesystem links in the destination, if they exist, should be followed.
[Default: False]
type: bool
version_added: 1.8
- force
Influence whether the remote file must always be replaced.
If ', the remote file will be replaced when contents are different than the source.
If no', the file will only be transferred if the destination does not exist.
Alias ' has been deprecated and will be removed in 2.13.
(Aliases: thirsty)[Default: True]
type: bool
version_added: 1.1
- group
Name of the group that should own the file/directory, as would be fed to chown'.
[Default: (null)]
type: str
- local_follow
This flag indicates that filesystem links in the source tree, if they exist, should be followed.
[Default: True]
type: bool
version_added: 2.4
- mode
The permissions of the destination file or directory.
For those used to /usr/bin/chmod' remember that modes are actually octal numbers. You must either add a leading
zero so that Ansible's YAML parser knows it is an octal number (like 0644' or 01777')or quote it (like '644''
or '1777'') so Ansible receives a string and can do its own conversion from string into number. Giving Ansible
a number without following one of these rules will end up with a decimal number which will have unexpected
results.
As of Ansible 1.8, the mode may be specified as a symbolic mode (for example, u+rwx' or =rw,g=r,o=r').
As of Ansible 2.3, the mode may also be the special string preserve'.
' means that the file will be given the same permissions as the source file.
[Default: (null)]
type: path
- owner
Name of the user that should own the file/directory, as would be fed to chown'.
[Default: (null)]
type: str
- remote_src
Influence whether ' needs to be transferred or already is present remotely.
If no', it will search for ' at originating/master machine.
If yes' it will go to the remote/target machine for the '.
remote_src' supports recursive copying as of version 2.8.
remote_src' only works with mode=preserve' as of version 2.6.
[Default: False]
type: bool
version_added: 2.0
- selevel
The level part of the SELinux file context.
This is the MLS/MCS attribute, sometimes known as the '.
When set to _default', it will use the ' portion of the policy if available.
[Default: s0]
type: str
- serole
The role part of the SELinux file context.
When set to _default', it will use the ' portion of the policy if available.
[Default: (null)]
type: str
- setype
The type part of the SELinux file context.
When set to _default', it will use the ' portion of the policy if available.
[Default: (null)]
type: str
- seuser
The user part of the SELinux file context.
By default it uses the system' policy, where applicable.
When set to _default', it will use the user' portion of the policy if available.
[Default: (null)]
type: str
- src
Local path to a file to copy to the remote server.
This can be absolute or relative.
If path is a directory, it is copied recursively. In this case, if path ends with "/", only inside contents of
that directory are copied to destination. Otherwise, if it does not end with "/", the directory itself with all
contents is copied. This behavior is similar to the ' command line tool.
[Default: (null)]
type: path
- unsafe_writes
Influence when to use atomic operation to prevent data corruption or inconsistent reads from the target file.
By default this module uses atomic operations to prevent data corruption or inconsistent reads from the target
files, but sometimes systems are configured or just broken in ways that prevent this. One example is docker
mounted files, which cannot be updated atomically from inside the container and can only be written in an unsafe
manner.
This option allows Ansible to fall back to unsafe methods of updating files when atomic operations fail
(however, it doesn't force Ansible to perform unsafe writes).
IMPORTANT! Unsafe writes are subject to race conditions and can lead to data corruption.
[Default: False]
type: bool
version_added: 2.2
- validate
The validation command to run before copying into place.
The path to the file to validate is passed in via '%s' which must be present as in the examples below.
The command is passed securely so shell features like expansion and pipes will not work.
[Default: (null)]
type: str
这里我想把ansible服务器下的nginx源码包下发到所有添加过主机清单下的主机
ansible webserver -m copy -a 'src=/root/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz dest=/tmp'
拆解：webservser：主机清单下的组
-m ：应用什么模块
copy ：应用复制模块
-a ：接模块对应的参数
src ： source  资源
/root/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz nginx：源码包路径
dest ：destination 目的地
/tmp：对方主机/tmp目录下
执行结果为成功
[root@ansible ~]# ansible webserver -m copy -a 'src=/root/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz dest=/tmp'
host2 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"checksum": "a99dc2ee4c60e3134891cd13c111f42901252c2b",
"dest": "/tmp/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"mode": "0644",
"owner": "root",
"path": "/tmp/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0",
"size": 833473,
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
host1 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"checksum": "a99dc2ee4c60e3134891cd13c111f42901252c2b",
"dest": "/tmp/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"mode": "0644",
"owner": "root",
"path": "/tmp/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0",
"size": 833473,
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
host3 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"checksum": "a99dc2ee4c60e3134891cd13c111f42901252c2b",
"dest": "/tmp/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"mode": "0644",
"owner": "root",
"path": "/tmp/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0",
"size": 833473,
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
[root@ansible ~]#
ansible webserver -m copy -a 'src=/root/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz dest=/tmp/ owner=root group=bin mode=777'
拆解：
owner = 主人
group = 账号
mode = 权限
这里是把ansible服务器下/root目录下的/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz源码包复制到主机清单下的所有主机的tmp目录下 主人是root group账号是bin mode权限777
如果默认不写owner和group那么主人和账号全部是root
执行结果为成功
[root@ansible ~]# ansible webserver -m copy -a 'src=/root/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz dest=/tmp owner=root group=bin mode=777'
host3 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "a99dc2ee4c60e3134891cd13c111f42901252c2b",
"dest": "/tmp/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz",
"gid": 1,
"group": "bin",
"mode": "0777",
"owner": "root",
"path": "/tmp/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0",
"size": 833473,
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
host2 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "a99dc2ee4c60e3134891cd13c111f42901252c2b",
"dest": "/tmp/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz",
"gid": 1,
"group": "bin",
"mode": "0777",
"owner": "root",
"path": "/tmp/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0",
"size": 833473,
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
host1 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "a99dc2ee4c60e3134891cd13c111f42901252c2b",
"dest": "/tmp/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz",
"gid": 1,
"group": "bin",
"mode": "0777",
"owner": "root",
"path": "/tmp/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0",
"size": 833473,
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
[root@ansible ~]#
去客户机上查看源码包是否和我们想要的执行结果相同
[root@bogon tmp]# ll nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root bin 833473 9月 30 15:54 nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
答案是相同的
[root@bogon tmp]#
ansible webserver -m copy -a 'src=/root/hostlist/ dest=/tmp owner=root group=bin mode=777 backup=yes
如果文件有多份，可以进行备份。
拆解：
backup 备份
把ansible服务器下的root目录下的hostlist文件分别复制到所有主机清单下的/tmp目录，主人是root 账号是bin 权限是777 进行备份
备份这里可以理解为如果客户机下已经有hostlist这个文件了，那么如果不改变文件，那么执行命令ansible虽然显示成功其实是没有变化的
那么如果修改了文件执行命令的时候不加入backup（备份）参数的话，复制到客户机下默认是会把之前的原文件覆盖掉的，那么如果加了backup进行复制的话
会在原文件修改成另一个名字 source.5653.2022-09-30@16:20:14~ 类似这种
执行结果为成功
[root@ansible ~]# ansible webserver -m copy -a 'src=/root/hostlist/ dest=/tmp owner=root group=bin mode=777 backup=yes'
host3 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"backup_file": "/tmp/source.12821.2022-10-01@16:33:55~",
"changed": true,
"checksum": "a5358653b4f7dd46c59df4e79353af2f037485d1",
"dest": "/tmp/source",
"gid": 1,
"group": "bin",
"md5sum": "d77fb01a61e4ffdd1bb5f9d1197c4428",
"mode": "0777",
"owner": "root",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0",
"size": 245,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1664613236.31-6626-181541999667946/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
host2 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"backup_file": "/tmp/source.5686.2022-09-30@16:33:57~",
"changed": true,
"checksum": "a5358653b4f7dd46c59df4e79353af2f037485d1",
"dest": "/tmp/source",
"gid": 1,
"group": "bin",
"md5sum": "d77fb01a61e4ffdd1bb5f9d1197c4428",
"mode": "0777",
"owner": "root",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0",
"size": 245,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1664613236.29-6624-13795943013274/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
host1 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"backup_file": "/tmp/source.5965.2022-09-30@16:33:56~",
"changed": true,
"checksum": "a5358653b4f7dd46c59df4e79353af2f037485d1",
"dest": "/tmp/source",
"gid": 1,
"group": "bin",
"md5sum": "d77fb01a61e4ffdd1bb5f9d1197c4428",
"mode": "0777",
"owner": "root",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0",
"size": 245,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1664613236.28-6622-231481691204425/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
查看客户机/tmp目录下是否生成了备份文件
[root@bogon tmp]# ll
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root bin 1259 9月 30 16:19 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root bin 84 9月 30 16:19 hostlist
-rwx------. 1 root root 836 9月 26 15:34 ks-script-XI38wT
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root bin 833473 9月 30 15:54 nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root bin 245 9月 30 16:33 source
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root bin 84 9月 30 16:19 source.5653.2022-09-30@16:20:14~
Original: https://www.cnblogs.com/Jqazc/p/16745387.html
Author: 我真的兔了
Title: ansible-复制模块
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