爬虫数据存储实例

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数据存储

scrapy支持将数据存储到文件,例如csv、jl、jsonlines、pickle、marshal、json、xml，少量的数据存储到数据库还行，如果超大量的数据存储到文件(当然图片还是要存文件的)，就显得不太友好，毕竟这些数据要为我所用。

因此我们通常将数据存储到数据库，本处将介绍的是最常用的数据库mysql。我们也看到scrapy中的pipeline文件还没有用到，其实这个文件就是处理spider分发下来的item，我们可以在pipeline中处理文件的存储。

mysql库(PyMysql)的添加

打开pycharm File–>Default Settings–>Project interpreter点击左下角的”+”，搜索PyMysql，如图：

点击安装install package，如果无法安装可以选择将上面的install to user’s site…勾选安装到Users目录下。

配置mysql服务

1、安装mysql

root@ubuntu:~# sudo apt-get install mysql-server

root@ubuntu:~# apt isntall mysql-client

root@ubuntu:~# apt install libmysqlclient-dev

期间会弹出设置root账户的密码框，输入两次相同密码。

2、查询是否安装成功

root@ubuntu:~# sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql

root@ubuntu:~# netstat -tap | grep mysql

tcp600[::]:mysql [::]:* LISTEN 7510/mysqld

3、开启远程访问mysql

编辑mysql配置文件，注释掉”bind-address = 127.0.0.1″

root@ubuntu:~# vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

bind-address = 127.0.0.1

进入mysql root账户

root@ubuntu:~# mysql -u root -p123456

在mysql环境中输入grant all on . to username@’%’ identified by ‘password’;

或者grant all on . to username@’%’ identified by ‘password’ with grand option;

root@ubuntu:~# grant all on . to china@’%’ identified by ‘123456’;

刷新flush privileges;然后重启mysql，通过/etc/init.d/mysql restart命令

root@ubuntu:~# flush privileges;

root@ubuntu:~# /etc/init.d/mysql restart

远程连接时客户端设置：

4、常见问题

1045 access denied for user ‘root’@’localhost(ip)’ using password yes

1、mysql -u root -p;

2、GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO ‘myuser’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘mypassword’ WITH GRANT OPTION;

3、FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

在mysql中创建好四个item表

创建项目

安装好PyMysql后就可以在pipeline中处理存储的逻辑了。首先创建项目：scrapy startproject mysql 本例还是使用上一章多个爬虫组合实例的例子，处理将其中四个item存储到mysql数据库。

然后打开创建好的mysql项目，在settings.py中添加数据库连接相关的常量。

–– coding: utf-8 ––

BOT_NAME = ‘mysql’

SPIDER_MODULES = [‘mysql.spiders’]

NEWSPIDER_MODULE = ‘mysql.spiders’

MYSQL_HOST = ‘localhost’

MYSQL_DBNAME = ‘spider’

MYSQL_USER = ‘root’

MYSQL_PASSWD = ‘123456’

DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 1

ITEM_PIPELINES = {

‘mysql.pipelines.DoubanPipeline’: 301,

}

pipeline.py配置

–– coding: utf-8 ––

Define your item pipelines here

Don’t forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting

See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

import pymysql

from scrapy import log

from mysql import settings

from mysql.items import MusicItem, MusicReviewItem, VideoItem, VideoReviewItem

class DoubanPipeline(object):

def init(self):

self.connect = pymysql.connect(

host=settings.MYSQL_HOST,

db=settings.MYSQL_DBNAME,

user=settings.MYSQL_USER,

passwd=settings.MYSQL_PASSWD,

charset=’utf8′,

use_unicode=True)

self.cursor = self.connect.cursor()

def process_item(self, item, spider):

if item.class == MusicItem:

try:

self.cursor.execute(“””select * from music_douban where music_url = %s”””, item[“music_url”])

ret = self.cursor.fetchone()

if ret:

self.cursor.execute(

“””update music_douban set music_name = %s,music_alias = %s,music_singer = %s,

music_time = %s,music_rating = %s,music_votes = %s,music_tags = %s,music_url = %s

where music_url = %s”””,

(item[‘music_name’],

item[‘music_alias’],

item[‘music_singer’],

item[‘music_time’],

item[‘music_rating’],

item[‘music_votes’],

item[‘music_tags’],

item[‘music_url’],

item[‘music_url’]))

else:

self.cursor.execute(

“””insert into music_douban(music_name,music_alias,music_singer,music_time,music_rating,

music_votes,music_tags,music_url)

value (%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)”””,

(item[‘music_name’],

item[‘music_alias’],

item[‘music_singer’],

item[‘music_time’],

item[‘music_rating’],

item[‘music_votes’],

item[‘music_tags’],

item[‘music_url’]))

self.connect.commit()

except Exception as error:

log(error)

return item

elif item.class == MusicReviewItem:

try:

self.cursor.execute(“””select * from music_review_douban where review_url = %s”””, item[“review_url”])

ret = self.cursor.fetchone()

if ret:

self.cursor.execute(

“””update music_review_douban set review_title = %s,review_content = %s,review_author = %s,

review_music = %s,review_time = %s,review_url = %s

where review_url = %s”””,

(item[‘review_title’],

item[‘review_content’],

item[‘review_author’],

item[‘review_music’],

item[‘review_time’],

item[‘review_url’],

item[‘review_url’]))

else:

self.cursor.execute(

“””insert into music_review_douban(review_title,review_content,review_author,review_music,review_time,

review_url)

value (%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)”””,

(item[‘review_title’],

item[‘review_content’],

item[‘review_author’],

item[‘review_music’],

item[‘review_time’],

item[‘review_url’]))

self.connect.commit()

except Exception as error:

log(error)

return item

elif item.class == VideoItem:

try:

self.cursor.execute(“””select * from video_douban where video_url = %s”””, item[“video_url”])

ret = self.cursor.fetchone()

if ret:

self.cursor.execute(

“””update video_douban set video_name= %s,video_alias= %s,video_actor= %s,video_year= %s,

video_time= %s,video_rating= %s,video_votes= %s,video_tags= %s,video_url= %s,

video_director= %s,video_type= %s,video_bigtype= %s,video_area= %s,video_language= %s,

video_length= %s,video_writer= %s,video_desc= %s,video_episodes= %s where video_url = %s”””,

(item[‘video_name’],

item[‘video_alias’],

item[‘video_actor’],

item[‘video_year’],

item[‘video_time’],

item[‘video_rating’],

item[‘video_votes’],

item[‘video_tags’],

item[‘video_url’],

item[‘video_director’],

item[‘video_type’],

item[‘video_bigtype’],

item[‘video_area’],

item[‘video_language’],

item[‘video_length’],

item[‘video_writer’],

item[‘video_desc’],

item[‘video_episodes’],

item[‘video_url’]))

else:

self.cursor.execute(

“””insert into video_douban(video_name,video_alias,video_actor,video_year,video_time,

video_rating,video_votes,video_tags,video_url,video_director,video_type,video_bigtype,

video_area,video_language,video_length,video_writer,video_desc,video_episodes)

value (%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)”””,

(item[‘video_name’],

item[‘video_alias’],

item[‘video_actor’],

item[‘video_year’],

item[‘video_time’],

item[‘video_rating’],

item[‘video_votes’],

item[‘video_tags’],

item[‘video_url’],

item[‘video_director’],

item[‘video_type’],

item[‘video_bigtype’],

item[‘video_area’],

item[‘video_language’],

item[‘video_length’],

item[‘video_writer’],

item[‘video_desc’],

item[‘video_episodes’]))

self.connect.commit()

except Exception as error:

log(error)

return item

elif item.class == VideoReviewItem:

try:

self.cursor.execute(“””select * from video_review_douban where review_url = %s”””, item[“review_url”])

ret = self.cursor.fetchone()

if ret:

self.cursor.execute(

“””update video_review_douban set review_title = %s,review_content = %s,review_author = %s,

review_video = %s,review_time = %s,review_url = %s

where review_url = %s”””,

(item[‘review_title’],

item[‘review_content’],

item[‘review_author’],

item[‘review_video’],

item[‘review_time’],

item[‘review_url’],

item[‘review_url’]))

else:

self.cursor.execute(

“””insert into video_review_douban(review_title,review_content,review_author,review_video,review_time,

review_url)

value (%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)”””,

(item[‘review_title’],

item[‘review_content’],

item[‘review_author’],

item[‘review_video’],

item[‘review_time’],

item[‘review_url’]))

self.connect.commit()

except Exception as error:

log(error)

return item

else:

pass

在上面的pipeline中我已经做了数据库去重的操作。

运行爬虫

pycharm运行run.py，mysql数据库表中已经存好了我们要的数据。

Original: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_29602351/article/details/113267491
Author: Martin awodey
Title: scrapy mysql 实例_GitHub – yanceyblog/scrapy-mysql: 实现数据存储到数据库的爬虫实例