因为有在北京租房的打算，于是上网浏览了一下链家网站的房价，想将他们爬取下来，并保存到本地。

先看链家网的源码。。房价信息 都保存在 ul 下的li 里面

爬虫结构：

先看mylianjia.py

–– coding: utf-8 ––

importscrapyfrom ..items importLianjiaItemfrom scrapy.http importRequestfrom parsel importSelectorimportrequestsimportosclassMylianjiaSpider(scrapy.Spider):

name= ‘mylianjia’

allowed_domains = [‘lianjia.com’]

start_urls = [‘https://bj.lianjia.com/ershoufang/chaoyang/pg’]defstart_requests(self):for i in range(1, 101): #100页的所有信息

url1 = self.start_urls +list(str(i))#print(url1)

url = ”

for j inurl1:

url+= j + ”

yieldRequest(url, self.parse)defparse(self, response):print(response.url)”’response1 = requests.get(response.url, params={‘search_text’: ‘粉墨’, ‘cat’: 1001})

if response1.status_code == 200:

print(response1.text)

dirPath = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), ‘data’)

if not os.path.exists(dirPath):

os.makedirs(dirPath)

with open(os.path.join(dirPath, ‘lianjia.html’), ‘w’, encoding=’utf-8′)as fp:

fp.write(response1.text)

print(‘网页源码写入完毕’)”’infoall=response.xpath(“//div[4]/div[1]/ul/li”)#infos = response.xpath(‘//div[@class=”info clear”]’)

print(infos)

info1 = infoall.xpath(‘div/div[1]/a/text()’).extract_first()

print(infoall)

for info ininfoall:

item=LianjiaItem()#print(info)

info1 = info.xpath(‘div/div[1]/a/text()’).extract_first()

info1_url= info.xpath(‘div/div[1]/a/@href’).extract_first()#info2 = info.xpath(‘div/div[2]/div/text()’).extract_first()

info2_dizhi = info.xpath(‘div/div[2]/div/a/text()’).extract_first()

info2_xiangxi= info.xpath(‘div/div[2]/div/text()’).extract()#info3 = info.xpath(‘div/div[3]/div/a/text()’).extract_first()

info4 = info.xpath(‘div/div[4]/text()’).extract_first()

price = info.xpath(‘div/div[4]/div[2]/div/span/text()’).extract_first()

perprice= info.xpath(‘div/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/span/text()’).extract_first()#print(info1,’–‘,info1_url,’–‘,info2_dizhi,’–‘,info2_xiangxi,’–‘,info4,’–‘,price,perprice)

info2_xiangxi1 = ”

for j1 ininfo2_xiangxi:

info2_xiangxi1+= j1 + ”

print(info2_xiangxi1) #化为字符串

item[‘houseinfo’]=info1

item[‘houseurl’]=info1_url

item[‘housedizhi’]=info2_dizhi

item[‘housexiangxi’]=info2_xiangxi1

item[‘houseprice’]=price

item[‘houseperprice’]=perpriceyield item

再看items.py

–– coding: utf-8 ––

Define here the models for your scraped items

See documentation in:

https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy

class LianjiaItem(scrapy.Item):

define the fields for your item here like:

name = scrapy.Field()

houseinfo=scrapy.Field()

houseurl=scrapy.Field()

housedizhi=scrapy.Field()

housexiangxi=scrapy.Field()

houseprice=scrapy.Field()

houseperprice=scrapy.Field()

pass

接下来看pipelines.py

–– coding: utf-8 ––

Define your item pipelines here

Don’t forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting

See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

class LianjiaPipeline(object):

def process_item(self, item, spider):

print(‘房屋信息:’,item[‘houseinfo’])

print(‘房屋链接:’, item[‘houseurl’])

print(‘房屋位置:’, item[‘housedizhi’])

print(‘房屋详细信息:’, item[‘housexiangxi’])

print(‘房屋总价:’, item[‘houseprice’],’万’)

print(‘平方米价格:’, item[‘houseperprice’])

print(‘====’*10)

return item

接下来看csvpipelines.py

import os

print(os.getcwd())

class LianjiaPipeline(object):

def process_item(self, item, spider):

with open(‘G:\pythonAI\爬虫大全\lianjia\data\house.txt’, ‘a+’, encoding=’utf-8′) as fp:

name=str(item[‘houseinfo’])

dizhi=str(item[‘housedizhi’])

info=str(item[‘housexiangxi’])

price=str(item[‘houseprice’])

perprice=str(item[‘houseperprice’])

fp.write(name + dizhi + info+ price +perprice+ ‘\n’)

fp.flush()

fp.close()

return item

print(‘写入文件成功’)

接下来看 settings.py

–– coding: utf-8 ––

Scrapy settings for lianjia project

For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or

commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:

https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html

https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html

https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = ‘lianjia’

SPIDER_MODULES = [‘lianjia.spiders’]

NEWSPIDER_MODULE = ‘lianjia.spiders’

Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent

USER_AGENT = ‘lianjia (+http://www.yourdomain.com)’

Obey robots.txt rules

ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)

CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay

See also autothrottle settings and docs

DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 0.5

The download delay setting will honor only one of:

CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16

CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

Disable cookies (enabled by default)

COOKIES_ENABLED = False

Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)

TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

Override the default request headers:

DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {

‘Accept’: ‘text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,/;q=0.8′,

‘Accept-Language’: ‘en’,

}

Enable or disable spider middlewares

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {

‘lianjia.middlewares.LianjiaSpiderMiddleware’: 543,

‘scrapy.contrib.downloadermiddleware.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware’ : None,

‘lianjia.rotate_useragent.RotateUserAgentMiddleware’ :400

}

Enable or disable downloader middlewares

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {

‘lianjia.middlewares.LianjiaDownloaderMiddleware’: 543,

}

Enable or disable extensions

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html

EXTENSIONS = {

‘scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole’: None,

}

Configure item pipelines

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

ITEM_PIPELINES = {

‘lianjia.pipelines.LianjiaPipeline’: 300,

‘lianjia.iopipelines.LianjiaPipeline’: 301,

‘lianjia.csvpipelines.LianjiaPipeline’:302,

}

Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html

AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True

The initial download delay

AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5

The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies

AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60

The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to

each remote server

AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0

Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:

AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings

HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True

HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0

HTTPCACHE_DIR = ‘httpcache’

HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []

HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = ‘scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage’

LOG_LEVEL=’INFO’

LOG_FILE=’lianjia.log’

最后看starthouse.py

from scrapy.cmdline import execute

execute([‘scrapy’, ‘crawl’, ‘mylianjia’])

代码运行结果

保存到本地效果：

完成，事后可以分析一下房价和每平方米的方剂，，因为是海淀区的，，可以看到 都是好几万一平米，总价也得几百万了 而且是二手房，，，可以看出来 ，在北京买房太难。。。。

源码 tyutltf/lianjia: 爬取链家北京房价并保存txt文档 https://github.com/tyutltf/lianjia

Original: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39878688/article/details/113984498
Author: weixin_39878688
Title: python爬取链家房价消息_Python的scrapy之爬取链家网房价信息并保存到本地