Python贪吃蛇

贪吃蛇游戏最初为单机模式，后续又陆续推出团战模式、赏金模式、挑战模式等多种玩法。

1976年，Gremlin平台推出了一款经典街机游戏Blockade。游戏中，两名玩家分别控制一个角色在屏幕上移动，所经之处砌起围栏。角色只能向左、右方向90度转弯，游戏目标保证让对方先撞上屏幕或围栏。 听起来有点复杂，其实就是下面这个样子：

基本上就是两条每走一步都会长大的贪吃蛇比谁后完蛋，玩家要做的就是避免撞上障碍物和越来越长的身体。更多照片、视频可以看 GamesDBase 的介绍。

Blockade 很受欢迎，类似的游戏先后出现在 Atari 2600、TRS-80、苹果 2 等早期游戏机、计算机上。但真正让这种游戏形式红遍全球的还是21年后随诺基亚手机走向世界的贪吃蛇游戏——Snake。

玩家使用方向键操控一条长长的蛇不断吞下豆子，同时蛇身随着吞下的豆子不断变长，当蛇头撞到蛇身或障壁时游戏结束。贪吃蛇最初为人们所知的是诺基亚手机附带的一个小游戏，它伴随着诺基亚手机走向世界。现在的贪吃蛇出现了许多衍生版本，并被移植到各种平台上。

贪吃蛇原型游戏图片

贪食蛇游戏操作简单，可玩性比较高。这个游戏难度最大的不是蛇长得很长的时候，而是开始。那个时候蛇身很短，看上去难度不大，却最容易死掉，因为把玩一条小短蛇让人容易走神，失去耐心。由于难度小，你会不知不觉加快调整方向的速度，在游走自如的时候蛇身逐渐加长了，而玩家却没有意识到危险，在最得意洋洋的一刻突然死亡。

贪食蛇的另一个危险期在于游戏开始几十秒之后。由于玩家的注意力高度集中，精神紧张，此时局面稍好，就会不由自主地想放松一下，结果手指一松劲，贪食蛇就死了。所以贪食蛇可以算作一个敏捷型的小游戏。

贪吃蛇游戏画面

和别的游戏不同，贪食蛇是一个悲剧性的游戏。许多电子游戏都是以操作者的胜利而告终，而贪食蛇的结局却是死亡。不管玩得多么纯熟，技术多么高超，你最终听到的都是贪食蛇的一声惨叫。当手机上的小蛇越长越长，积分越来越高的时候，死亡也就越来越近。那时候忙的不是为了吃豆子长身体，而是为了避免撞墙。你会发现你穷于应付，四处奔忙。贪食蛇最要命的就在一个”贪”字上。

import random
import pygame
import sys
from pygame.locals import *

Snakespeed = 17
Window_Width = 800
Window_Height = 500
Cell_Size = 20  # Width and height of the cells
Ensuring that the cells fit perfectly in the window. eg if cell size was
10     and window width or windowheight were 15 only 1.5 cells would
fit.

assert Window_Width % Cell_Size == 0, "Window width must be a multiple of cell size."
Ensuring that only whole integer number of cells fit perfectly in the window.

assert Window_Height % Cell_Size == 0, "Window height must be a multiple of cell size."
Cell_W = int(Window_Width / Cell_Size)  # Cell Width
Cell_H = int(Window_Height / Cell_Size)  # Cellc Height

White = (255, 255, 255)
Black = (0, 0, 0)
Red = (255, 0, 0)  # Defining element colors for the program.

Green = (0, 255, 0)
DARKGreen = (0, 155, 0)
DARKGRAY = (40, 40, 40)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
Red_DARK = (150, 0, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
BLUE_DARK = (0, 0, 150)

BGCOLOR = Black  # Background color

UP = 'up'
DOWN = 'down'      # Defining keyboard keys.

LEFT = 'left'
RIGHT = 'right'

HEAD = 0  # Syntactic sugar: index of the snake's head

def main():
    global SnakespeedCLOCK, DISPLAYSURF, BASICFONT

    pygame.init()
    SnakespeedCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
    DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((Window_Width, Window_Height))
    BASICFONT = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 18)
    pygame.display.set_caption('Snake')

    showStartScreen()
    while True:
        runGame()
        showGameOverScreen()

def runGame():
    # Set a random start point.

    startx = random.randint(5, Cell_W - 6)
    starty = random.randint(5, Cell_H - 6)
    wormCoords = [{'x': startx, 'y': starty},
                  {'x': startx - 1, 'y': starty},
                  {'x': startx - 2, 'y': starty}]
    direction = RIGHT

    # Start the apple in a random place.

    apple = getRandomLocation()

    while True:  # main game loop
        for event in pygame.event.get():  # event handling loop
            if event.type == QUIT:
                terminate()
            elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
                if (event.key == K_LEFT) and direction != RIGHT:
                    direction = LEFT
                elif (event.key == K_RIGHT) and direction != LEFT:
                    direction = RIGHT
                elif (event.key == K_UP) and direction != DOWN:
                    direction = UP
                elif (event.key == K_DOWN) and direction != UP:
                    direction = DOWN
                elif event.key == K_ESCAPE:
                    terminate()

        # check if the Snake has hit itself or the edge
        if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == -1 or wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == Cell_W or wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == -1 or wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == Cell_H:
            return  # game over
        for wormBody in wormCoords[1:]:
            if wormBody['x'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] and wormBody['y'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['y']:
                return  # game over

        # check if Snake has eaten an apply
        if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == apple['x'] and wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == apple['y']:
            # don't remove worm's tail segment
            apple = getRandomLocation()  # set a new apple somewhere
        else:
            del wormCoords[-1]  # remove worm's tail segment

        # move the worm by adding a segment in the direction it is moving
        if direction == UP:
            newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'],
                       'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] - 1}
        elif direction == DOWN:
            newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'],
                       'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] + 1}
        elif direction == LEFT:
            newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD][
                'x'] - 1, 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
        elif direction == RIGHT:
            newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD][
                'x'] + 1, 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
        wormCoords.insert(0, newHead)
        DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
        drawGrid()
        drawWorm(wormCoords)
        drawApple(apple)
        drawScore(len(wormCoords) - 3)
        pygame.display.update()
        SnakespeedCLOCK.tick(Snakespeed)

def drawPressKeyMsg():
    pressKeySurf = BASICFONT.render('Press a key to play.', True, White)
    pressKeyRect = pressKeySurf.get_rect()
    pressKeyRect.topleft = (Window_Width - 200, Window_Height - 30)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(pressKeySurf, pressKeyRect)

def checkForKeyPress():
    if len(pygame.event.get(QUIT)) > 0:
        terminate()
    keyUpEvents = pygame.event.get(KEYUP)
    if len(keyUpEvents) == 0:
        return None
    if keyUpEvents[0].key == K_ESCAPE:
        terminate()
    return keyUpEvents[0].key

def showStartScreen():
    titleFont = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 100)
    titleSurf1 = titleFont.render('Snake!', True, White, DARKGreen)
    degrees1 = 0
    degrees2 = 0
    while True:
        DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
        rotatedSurf1 = pygame.transform.rotate(titleSurf1, degrees1)
        rotatedRect1 = rotatedSurf1.get_rect()
        rotatedRect1.center = (Window_Width / 2, Window_Height / 2)
        DISPLAYSURF.blit(rotatedSurf1, rotatedRect1)

        drawPressKeyMsg()

        if checkForKeyPress():
            pygame.event.get()  # clear event queue
            return
        pygame.display.update()
        SnakespeedCLOCK.tick(Snakespeed)
        degrees1 += 3  # rotate by 3 degrees each frame
        degrees2 += 7  # rotate by 7 degrees each frame

def terminate():
    pygame.quit()
    sys.exit()

def getRandomLocation():
    return {'x': random.randint(0, Cell_W - 1), 'y': random.randint(0, Cell_H - 1)}

def showGameOverScreen():
    gameOverFont = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 100)
    gameSurf = gameOverFont.render('Game', True, White)
    overSurf = gameOverFont.render('Over', True, White)
    gameRect = gameSurf.get_rect()
    overRect = overSurf.get_rect()
    gameRect.midtop = (Window_Width / 2, 10)
    overRect.midtop = (Window_Width / 2, gameRect.height + 10 + 25)

    DISPLAYSURF.blit(gameSurf, gameRect)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(overSurf, overRect)
    drawPressKeyMsg()
    pygame.display.update()
    pygame.time.wait(500)
    checkForKeyPress()  # clear out any key presses in the event queue

    while True:
        if checkForKeyPress():
            pygame.event.get()  # clear event queue
            return

def drawScore(score):
    scoreSurf = BASICFONT.render('Score: %s' % (score), True, White)
    scoreRect = scoreSurf.get_rect()
    scoreRect.topleft = (Window_Width - 120, 10)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(scoreSurf, scoreRect)

def drawWorm(wormCoords):
    for coord in wormCoords:
        x = coord['x'] * Cell_Size
        y = coord['y'] * Cell_Size
        wormSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, Cell_Size, Cell_Size)
        pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGreen, wormSegmentRect)
        wormInnerSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(
            x + 4, y + 4, Cell_Size - 8, Cell_Size - 8)
        pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, Green, wormInnerSegmentRect)

def drawApple(coord):
    x = coord['x'] * Cell_Size
    y = coord['y'] * Cell_Size
    appleRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, Cell_Size, Cell_Size)
    pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, Red, appleRect)

def drawGrid():
    for x in range(0, Window_Width, Cell_Size):  # draw vertical lines
        pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGRAY, (x, 0), (x, Window_Height))
    for y in range(0, Window_Height, Cell_Size):  # draw horizontal lines
        pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGRAY, (0, y), (Window_Width, y))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        main()
    except SystemExit:
        pass

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Original: https://blog.csdn.net/m0_60844293/article/details/120231488
Author: Baluga
Title: Python贪吃蛇