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表弟最近放假了天天打王者，作业也不做，气得我差点想给他买三年高考五年模拟了…
算了，血压有点上升，不管他了，先写代码。
; 实现效果
这比我手动的快多了，而且是单机的，自动玩没惹骂我，哈哈 ，多人游戏整个自动玩会被骂死~
代码
没装软件的先安装一下软件，没装模块的安装一下pygame模块。
pip install pygame
导入模块
import pygame,sys,time,random
from pygame.locals import *
定义颜色变量
redColour = pygame.Color(255,0,0)
blackColour = pygame.Color(0,0,0)
whiteColour = pygame.Color(255,255,255)
greenColour = pygame.Color(0,255,0)
headColour = pygame.Color(0,119,255)
在所有后续的除法中，为预防pygame输出出现偏差，必须取除数(//)而不是单纯除法(/)
程序界面
第0行，HEIGHT行，第0列，WIDTH列为围墙，所以实际大小是13*13
IGHT = 15
WIDTH = 15
FIELD_SIZE = HEIGHT * WIDTH
HEAD = 0
用数字代表不同的对象，因为运动时矩阵上每个格子会处理成到达食物的路径长度，因此这三个变量间需要有足够大的间隔(>HEIGHT*WIDTH)来互相区分，小写一般是坐标，大写代表常量。
FOOD = 0
UNDEFINED = (HEIGHT + 1) * (WIDTH + 1)
SNAKE = 2 * UNDEFINED
snake是一维数组，对应元素直接加上以下值就表示向四个方向移动。
LEFT = -1
RIGHT = 1
UP = -WIDTH
DOWN = WIDTH
错误码
ERR = -2333
用一维数组来表示二维的东西，board表示蛇运动的矩形场地，初始化蛇头在(1,1)的地方，初始蛇长度为1。
board = [0] * FIELD_SIZE
snake = [0] * (FIELD_SIZE+1)
snake[HEAD] = 1*WIDTH+1
snake_size = 1
与上面变量对应的临时变量，蛇试探性地移动时使用。
tmpboard = [0] * FIELD_SIZE
tmpsnake = [0] * (FIELD_SIZE+1)
tmpsnake[HEAD] = 1*WIDTH+1
tmpsnake_size = 1
food:食物位置初始在(4, 7)，best_move: 运动方向。
food = 4 * WIDTH + 7
best_move = ERR
运动方向数组，游戏分数(蛇长)
mov = [LEFT, RIGHT, UP, DOWN]
score = 1
检查一个cell有没有被蛇身覆盖，没有覆盖则为free，返回true 。
def is_cell_free(idx, psize, psnake):
return not (idx in psnake[:psize])
检查某个位置idx是否可向move方向运动
def is_move_possible(idx, move):
flag = False
if move == LEFT:
flag = True if idx%WIDTH > 1 else False
elif move == RIGHT:
flag = True if idx%WIDTH < (WIDTH-2) else False
elif move == UP:
flag = True if idx > (2*WIDTH-1) else False
elif move == DOWN:
flag = True if idx < (FIELD_SIZE-2*WIDTH) else False
return flag
重置board
board_BFS后，UNDEFINED值都变为了到达食物的路径长度。
如需要还原，则要重置它。
def board_reset(psnake, psize, pboard):
for i in range(FIELD_SIZE):
if i == food:
pboard[i] = FOOD
elif is_cell_free(i, psize, psnake):
pboard[i] = UNDEFINED
else:
pboard[i] = SNAKE
广度优先搜索遍历整个board，计算出board中每个非SNAKE元素到达食物的路径长度。
def board_BFS(pfood, psnake, pboard):
queue = []
queue.append(pfood)
inqueue = [0] * FIELD_SIZE
found = False
while len(queue)!=0:
idx = queue.pop(0)
if inqueue[idx] == 1: continue
inqueue[idx] = 1
for i in range(4):
if is_move_possible(idx, mov[i]):
if idx + mov[i] == psnake[HEAD]:
found = True
if pboard[idx+mov[i]] < SNAKE:
if pboard[idx+mov[i]] > pboard[idx]+1:
pboard[idx+mov[i]] = pboard[idx] + 1
if inqueue[idx+mov[i]] == 0:
queue.append(idx+mov[i])
return found
从蛇头开始，根据board中元素值，从蛇头周围4个领域点中选择最短路径。
def choose_shortest_safe_move(psnake, pboard):
best_move = ERR
min = SNAKE
for i in range(4):
if is_move_possible(psnake[HEAD], mov[i]) and pboard[psnake[HEAD]+mov[i]]<min:
min = pboard[psnake[HEAD]+mov[i]]
best_move = mov[i]
return best_move
检查是否可以追着蛇尾运动，即蛇头和蛇尾间是有路径的，为的是避免蛇头陷入死路。虚拟操作，在tmpboard,tmpsnake中进行。
def is_tail_inside():
global tmpboard, tmpsnake, food, tmpsnake_size
tmpboard[tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size-1]] = 0
tmpboard[food] = SNAKE
result = board_BFS(tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size-1], tmpsnake, tmpboard)
for i in range(4):
if is_move_possible(tmpsnake[HEAD], mov[i]) and tmpsnake[HEAD]+mov[i]==tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size-1] and tmpsnake_size>3:
result = False
return result
让蛇头朝着蛇尾运行一步，不管蛇身阻挡，朝蛇尾方向运行。
def follow_tail():
global tmpboard, tmpsnake, food, tmpsnake_size
tmpsnake_size = snake_size
tmpsnake = snake[:]
board_reset(tmpsnake, tmpsnake_size, tmpboard)
tmpboard[tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size-1]] = FOOD
tmpboard[food] = SNAKE
board_BFS(tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size-1], tmpsnake, tmpboard)
tmpboard[tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size-1]] = SNAKE
return choose_longest_safe_move(tmpsnake, tmpboard)
在各种方案都不行时，随便找一个可行的方向来走(1步)
def any_possible_move():
global food , snake, snake_size, board
best_move = ERR
board_reset(snake, snake_size, board)
board_BFS(food, snake, board)
min = SNAKE
for i in range(4):
if is_move_possible(snake[HEAD], mov[i]) and board[snake[HEAD]+mov[i]]<min:
min = board[snake[HEAD]+mov[i]]
best_move = mov[i]
return best_move
转换数组函数
def shift_array(arr, size):
for i in range(size, 0, -1):
arr[i] = arr[i-1]
def new_food():
global food, snake_size
cell_free = False
while not cell_free:
w = random.randint(1, WIDTH-2)
h = random.randint(1, HEIGHT-2)
food = WIDTH*h + w
cell_free = is_cell_free(food, snake_size, snake)
pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,redColour,Rect(18*(food//WIDTH), 18*(food%WIDTH),18,18))
真正的蛇在这个函数中，朝pbest_move走1步。
def make_move(pbest_move):
global snake, board, snake_size, score
shift_array(snake, snake_size)
snake[HEAD] += pbest_move
p = snake[HEAD]
for body in snake:
pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,whiteColour,Rect(18*(body//WIDTH), 18*(body%WIDTH),18,18))
pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,greenColour,Rect(18*(snake[snake_size-1]//WIDTH),18*(snake[snake_size-1]%WIDTH),18,18))
pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,headColour,Rect(18*(p//WIDTH), 18*(p%WIDTH),18,18))
pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,(255,255,0),Rect(0,0,18,18))
pygame.display.flip()
if snake[HEAD] == food:
board[snake[HEAD]] = SNAKE
snake_size += 1
score += 1
if snake_size < FIELD_SIZE: new_food()
else:
board[snake[HEAD]] = SNAKE
board[snake[snake_size]] = UNDEFINED
pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,blackColour,Rect(18*(snake[snake_size]//WIDTH),18*(snake[snake_size]%WIDTH),18,18))
pygame.display.flip()
虚拟地运行一次，然后在调用处检查这次运行可否可行，可行才真实运行。
虚拟运行吃到食物后，得到虚拟下蛇在board的位置。
def virtual_shortest_move():
global snake, board, snake_size, tmpsnake, tmpboard, tmpsnake_size, food
tmpsnake_size = snake_size
tmpsnake = snake[:]
tmpboard = board[:]
board_reset(tmpsnake, tmpsnake_size, tmpboard)
food_eated = False
while not food_eated:
board_BFS(food, tmpsnake, tmpboard)
move = choose_shortest_safe_move(tmpsnake, tmpboard)
shift_array(tmpsnake, tmpsnake_size)
tmpsnake[HEAD] += move
if tmpsnake[HEAD] == food:
tmpsnake_size += 1
board_reset(tmpsnake, tmpsnake_size, tmpboard)
tmpboard[food] = SNAKE
food_eated = True
else:
tmpboard[tmpsnake[HEAD]] = SNAKE
tmpboard[tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size]] = UNDEFINED
如果蛇与食物间有路径，则调用本函数。
def find_safe_way():
global snake, board
safe_move = ERR
virtual_shortest_move()
if is_tail_inside():
return choose_shortest_safe_move(snake, board)
safe_move = follow_tail()
return safe_move
初始化pygame 模块
pygame.init()
定义一个变量用来控制游戏速度
fpsClock = pygame.time.Clock()
创建pygame显示层
playSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((270,270))
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
绘制pygame显示层
playSurface.fill(blackColour)
初始化食物
pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,redColour,Rect(18*(food//WIDTH), 18*(food%WIDTH),18,18))
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == QUIT:
print(score)
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
if event.key==K_ESCAPE:
print(score)
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,(255,255,0),Rect(0,0,270,270),36)
board_reset(snake, snake_size, board)
if board_BFS(food, snake, board):
best_move = find_safe_way()
else:
best_move = follow_tail()
if best_move == ERR:
best_move = any_possible_move()
if best_move != ERR: make_move(best_move)
else:
print(score)
break
fpsClock.tick(20)
兄弟们，快去试试吧~
记得点赞收藏哈~
我还给大家准备了这些资料
python学习路线汇总
精品Python学习书籍100本
Python入门视频合集
Python实战案例
Python面试题
Python相关软件工具/pycharm永久使用Original: https://blog.csdn.net/fei347795790/article/details/122301679
Author: 嗨学编程
Title: 表弟打把王者的时间，我就用python写了个自动玩贪吃蛇的程序
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