使用gunicorn部署flask为并发模式

一般不会直接使用flask进行部署，因为扛不住高并发

一般需要wsgi

这里我是使用的gunicorn

使用之前需要安装gunicorn

pip install gunicorn

然后就可以试一下：

root@zl:/opt# gunicorn -h
usage: gunicorn [OPTIONS] [APP_MODULE]

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -v, --version         show program's version number and exit
  -c CONFIG, --config CONFIG
                        The Gunicorn config file. [None]
  -b ADDRESS, --bind ADDRESS
                        The socket to bind. [['127.0.0.1:8000']]
  --backlog INT         The maximum number of pending connections. [2048]
  -w INT, --workers INT
                        The number of worker processes for handling requests.

                        [1]
  -k STRING, --worker-class STRING
                        The type of workers to use. [sync]
  --threads INT         The number of worker threads for handling requests.

                        [1]
  --worker-connections INT
                        The maximum number of simultaneous clients. [1000]
  --max-requests INT    The maximum number of requests a worker will process
                        before restarting. [0]
  --max-requests-jitter INT
                        The maximum jitter to add to the *max_requests*
                        setting. [0]
  -t INT, --timeout INT
                        Workers silent for more than this many seconds are
                        killed and restarted. [30]
  --graceful-timeout INT
                        Timeout for graceful workers restart. [30]
  --keep-alive INT      The number of seconds to wait for requests on a Keep-
                        Alive connection. [2]
  --limit-request-line INT
                        The maximum size of HTTP request line in bytes. [4094]
  --limit-request-fields INT
                        Limit the number of HTTP headers fields in a request.

                        [100]
  --limit-request-field_size INT
                        Limit the allowed size of an HTTP request header
                        field. [8190]
  --reload              Restart workers when code changes. [False]
  --reload-engine STRING
                        The implementation that should be used to power
                        :ref:reload. [auto]
  --reload-extra-file FILES
                        Extends :ref:reload option to also watch and reload
                        on additional files [[]]
  --spew                Install a trace function that spews every line
                        executed by the server. [False]
  --check-config        Check the configuration. [False]
  --preload             Load application code before the worker processes are
                        forked. [False]
  --no-sendfile         Disables the use of (). [None]
  --reuse-port          Set the SO_REUSEPORT flag on the listening socket.

                        [False]
  --chdir CHDIR         Chdir to specified directory before apps loading.

                        [/opt]
  -D, --daemon          Daemonize the Gunicorn process. [False]
  -e ENV, --env ENV     Set environment variable (key=value). [[]]
  -p FILE, --pid FILE   A filename to use for the PID file. [None]
  --worker-tmp-dir DIR  A directory to use for the worker heartbeat temporary
                        file. [None]
  -u USER, --user USER  Switch worker processes to run as this user. [0]
  -g GROUP, --group GROUP
                        Switch worker process to run as this group. [0]
  -m INT, --umask INT   A bit mask for the file mode on files written by
                        Gunicorn. [0]
  --initgroups          If true, set the worker process's group access list
                        with all of the [False]
  --forwarded-allow-ips STRING
                        Front-end's IPs from which allowed to handle set
                        secure headers. [127.0.0.1]
  --access-logfile FILE
                        The Access log file to write to. [None]
  --disable-redirect-access-to-syslog
                        Disable redirect access logs to syslog. [False]
  --access-logformat STRING
                        The access log format. [%(h)s %(l)s %(u)s %(t)s
                        "%(r)s" %(s)s %(b)s "%(f)s" "%(a)s"]
  --error-logfile FILE, --log-file FILE
                        The Error log file to write to. [-]
  --log-level LEVEL     The granularity of Error log outputs. [info]
  --capture-output      Redirect stdout/stderr to specified file in
                        :ref:errorlog. [False]
  --logger-class STRING
                        The logger you want to use to log events in Gunicorn.

                        [gunicorn.glogging.Logger]
  --log-config FILE     The log config file to use. [None]
  --log-config-dict LOGCONFIG_DICT
                        The log config dictionary to use, using the standard
                        Python [{}]
  --log-syslog-to SYSLOG_ADDR
                        Address to send syslog messages. [udp://localhost:514]
  --log-syslog          Send *Gunicorn* logs to syslog. [False]
  --log-syslog-prefix SYSLOG_PREFIX
                        Makes Gunicorn use the parameter as program-name in
                        the syslog entries. [None]
  --log-syslog-facility SYSLOG_FACILITY
                        Syslog facility name [user]
  -R, --enable-stdio-inheritance
                        Enable stdio inheritance. [False]
  --statsd-host STATSD_ADDR
                        :port of the statsd server to log to. [None]
  --dogstatsd-tags DOGSTATSD_TAGS
                        A comma-delimited list of datadog statsd (dogstatsd)
                        tags to append to statsd metrics. []
  --statsd-prefix STATSD_PREFIX
                        Prefix to use when emitting statsd metrics (a trailing
                        . is added, []
  -n STRING, --name STRING
                        A base to use with setproctitle for process naming.

                        [None]
  --pythonpath STRING   A comma-separated list of directories to add to the
                        Python path. [None]
  --paste STRING, --paster STRING
                        Load a PasteDeploy config file. The argument may
                        contain a # [None]
  --proxy-protocol      Enable detect PROXY protocol (PROXY mode). [False]
  --proxy-allow-from PROXY_ALLOW_IPS
                        Front-end's IPs from which allowed accept proxy
                        requests (comma separate). [127.0.0.1]
  --keyfile FILE        SSL key file [None]
  --certfile FILE       SSL certificate file [None]
  --ssl-version SSL_VERSION
                        SSL version to use. [_SSLMethod.PROTOCOL_TLS]
  --cert-reqs CERT_REQS
                        Whether client certificate is required (see stdlib ssl
                        module's) [VerifyMode.CERT_NONE]
  --ca-certs FILE       CA certificates file [None]
  --suppress-ragged-eofs
                        Suppress ragged EOFs (see stdlib ssl module's) [True]
  --do-handshake-on-connect
                        Whether to perform SSL handshake on socket connect
                        (see stdlib ssl module's) [False]
  --ciphers CIPHERS     SSL Cipher suite to use, in the format of an OpenSSL
                        cipher list. [None]
  --paste-global CONF   Set a PasteDeploy global config variable in
                        =value form. [[]]
  --strip-header-spaces
                        Strip spaces present between the header name and the
                        the :. [False]

事先建立一个名为test.py的flask文件：

from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def index():
    return "ok"

if __name__=='__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=9000)

为了使用工作模式为gevent，需要手动安装

pip install gevent==1.4

需要使用1.4以上的版本才能使用

准备就绪，现在可以运行一下服务了：

root@zl:/opt# gunicorn test:app -b 0.0.0.0:9000 -k gevent -w 4 --log-level debug
[2021-03-24 17:29:42 +0800] [23684] [DEBUG] Current configuration:
  config: None
  bind: ['0.0.0.0:9000']
  backlog: 2048
  workers: 4
  worker_class: gevent
  threads: 1
  worker_connections: 1000
  max_requests: 0
  max_requests_jitter: 0
  timeout: 30
  graceful_timeout: 30
  keepalive: 2
  limit_request_line: 4094
  limit_request_fields: 100
  limit_request_field_size: 8190
  reload: False
  reload_engine: auto
  reload_extra_files: []
  spew: False
  check_config: False
  preload_app: False
  sendfile: None
  reuse_port: False
  chdir: /opt
  daemon: False
  raw_env: []
  pidfile: None
  worker_tmp_dir: None
  user: 0
  group: 0
  umask: 0
  initgroups: False
  tmp_upload_dir: None
  secure_scheme_headers: {'X-FORWARDED-PROTOCOL': 'ssl', 'X-FORWARDED-PROTO': 'https', 'X-FORWARDED-SSL': 'on'}
  forwarded_allow_ips: ['127.0.0.1']
  accesslog: None
  disable_redirect_access_to_syslog: False
  access_log_format: %(h)s %(l)s %(u)s %(t)s "%(r)s" %(s)s %(b)s "%(f)s" "%(a)s"
  errorlog: -
  loglevel: debug
  capture_output: False
  logger_class: gunicorn.glogging.Logger
  logconfig: None
  logconfig_dict: {}
  syslog_addr: udp://localhost:514
  syslog: False
  syslog_prefix: None
  syslog_facility: user
  enable_stdio_inheritance: False
  statsd_host: None
  dogstatsd_tags:
  statsd_prefix:
  proc_name: None
  default_proc_name: test:app
  pythonpath: None
  paste: None
  on_starting: <function onstarting.on_starting at 0x7f729a6ed1e0>
  on_reload: <function onreload.on_reload at 0x7f729a6ed2f0>
  when_ready: <function whenready.when_ready at 0x7f729a6ed400>
  pre_fork: <function prefork.pre_fork at 0x7f729a6ed510>
  post_fork: <function postfork.post_fork at 0x7f729a6ed620>
  post_worker_init: <function postworkerinit.post_worker_init at 0x7f729a6ed730>
  worker_int: <function workerint.worker_int at 0x7f729a6ed840>
  worker_abort: <function workerabort.worker_abort at 0x7f729a6ed950>
  pre_exec: <function preexec.pre_exec at 0x7f729a6eda60>
  pre_request: <function prerequest.pre_request at 0x7f729a6edb70>
  post_request: <function postrequest.post_request at 0x7f729a6edbf8>
  child_exit: <function childexit.child_exit at 0x7f729a6edd08>
  worker_exit: <function workerexit.worker_exit at 0x7f729a6ede18>
  nworkers_changed: <function numworkerschanged.nworkers_changed at 0x7f729a6edf28>
  on_exit: <function onexit.on_exit at 0x7f729a1e40d0>
  proxy_protocol: False
  proxy_allow_ips: ['127.0.0.1']
  keyfile: None
  certfile: None
  ssl_version: 2
  cert_reqs: 0
  ca_certs: None
  suppress_ragged_eofs: True
  do_handshake_on_connect: False
  ciphers: None
  raw_paste_global_conf: []
  strip_header_spaces: False
[2021-03-24 17:29:42 +0800] [23684] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 20.0.4
[2021-03-24 17:29:42 +0800] [23684] [DEBUG] Arbiter booted
[2021-03-24 17:29:42 +0800] [23684] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:9000 (23684)
[2021-03-24 17:29:42 +0800] [23684] [INFO] Using worker: gevent
[2021-03-24 17:29:42 +0800] [23687] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 23687
[2021-03-24 17:29:42 +0800] [23688] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 23688
[2021-03-24 17:29:42 +0800] [23689] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 23689
[2021-03-24 17:29:42 +0800] [23690] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 23690
[2021-03-24 17:29:42 +0800] [23684] [DEBUG] 4 workers</function></function></function></function></function></function></function></function></function></function></function></function></function></function></function>

可以测试一下请求：

我们也可以看一下进程：

root@zl:/opt# ps -ef|grep python
root        727      1  0 13:52 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/networkd-dispatcher --run-startup-triggers
root        799      1  0 13:52 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/share/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrade-shutdown --wait-for-signal
root       2014   1992  0 13:52 pts/0    00:00:00 python
zl        11792      1  0 13:57 tty2     00:00:03 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/update-manager --no-update --no-focus-on-map
zl        23338   3204  0 17:12 pts/1    00:00:00 /opt/AN/bin/python /opt/AN/bin/ipython
root      23624   1992  0 17:19 pts/0    00:00:00 /opt/AN/bin/python /opt/AN/bin/gunicorn test:app -b 0.0.0.0:9000 -k gevent -w 4 --log-level debug
root      23627  23624  0 17:19 pts/0    00:00:00 /opt/AN/bin/python /opt/AN/bin/gunicorn test:app -b 0.0.0.0:9000 -k gevent -w 4 --log-level debug
root      23628  23624  0 17:19 pts/0    00:00:00 /opt/AN/bin/python /opt/AN/bin/gunicorn test:app -b 0.0.0.0:9000 -k gevent -w 4 --log-level debug
root      23629  23624  0 17:19 pts/0    00:00:00 /opt/AN/bin/python /opt/AN/bin/gunicorn test:app -b 0.0.0.0:9000 -k gevent -w 4 --log-level debug
root      23630  23624  0 17:19 pts/0    00:00:00 /opt/AN/bin/python /opt/AN/bin/gunicorn test:app -b 0.0.0.0:9000 -k gevent -w 4 --log-level debug
root      23664  23405  0 17:21 pts/2    00:00:00 grep --color=auto python

可以发现有5个进程，1个是主进程+4个工作进程

具体使用参数可以参考：https://www.itnotebooks.com/?p=531

Original: https://blog.csdn.net/zhou_438/article/details/115182520
Author: 喝粥也会胖的唐僧
Title: 使用gunicorn部署flask为并发模式