玩转Pandas函数

pandas 是基于NumPy 的一种工具,该工具是为解决数据分析任务而创建的。Pandas 纳入了大量库和一些标准的数据模型,提供了高效地操作大型数据集所需的工具。pandas提供了大量能使我们快速便捷地处理数据的函数和方法。你很快就会发现,它是使Python成为强大而高效的数据分析环境的重要因素之一。

Pandas安装

安装 pandas 需要基础环境是 Python,开始前我们假定你已经安装了 Python 和 Pip。

使用 pip 安装 pandas:
进入你所在项目,直接在cmd命令行输入 pip install pandas 就可以安装

查看 pandas 版本

>>> import pandas
>>> pandas.__version__
'1.1.5'

实战案例

1、 构造数据集

这里为大家先构造一个数据集,用于为大家演示这20个函数。

注:本数据集中的姓名、身份证号码、电话号码等信息均为虚构。

import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)
print(df)

运行效果:

玩转Pandas函数

2、cat函数

这个函数主要用于字符串的拼接;

import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["姓名"].str.cat(df["家庭住址"],sep='-'*3)
print(df)

运行效果

玩转Pandas函数

3、contains函数

这个函数主要用于判断某个字符串是否包含给定字符;


import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["家庭住址"].str.contains("广")
print(df)

运行效果

玩转Pandas函数

4、startswith、endswith函数

这个函数主要用于判断某个字符串是否以…开头/结尾;
startswith函数

import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["姓名"].str.startswith("黄")
print(df)

运行结果

玩转Pandas函数
endswith函数
import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["英文名"].str.endswith("e")
print(df)

运行效果

玩转Pandas函数

5、 count函数

这个函数主要用于计算给定字符在字符串中出现的次数;

import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["电话号码"].str.count("3")
print(df)

运行结果

玩转Pandas函数

6、get函数

这个函数主要用于获取指定位置的字符串;

import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["姓名"].str.get(-1)
print(df)

运行结果

玩转Pandas函数
import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["身高"].str.split(":")

print(df)

运行效果

玩转Pandas函数
import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["身高"].str.split(":").str.get(0)
print(df)

运行效果

玩转Pandas函数

7、len函数

这个函数主要用于计算字符串长度;

import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["性别"].str.len()
print(df)

运行效果

玩转Pandas函数

8、 upper、lower函数

这个函数主要用于英文大小写转换;

import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["英文名"].str.upper()

print(df)

运行效果

玩转Pandas函数

9、pad+side参数/center函数

这个函数主要用于在字符串的左边、右边或左右两边添加给定字符;

import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)
df=df["家庭住址"].str.pad(10,fillchar="*")

print(df)

运行结果

玩转Pandas函数

10、 repeat函数

这个函数主要用于重复字符串几次;

import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["性别"].str.repeat(3)
print(df)

运行效果

玩转Pandas函数

11 、slice_replace函数

这个函数主要用于使用给定的字符串,替换指定的位置的字符;

import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["电话号码"].str.slice_replace(4,8,"*"*4)
print(df)

运行效果

玩转Pandas函数

12、replace函数

这个函数主要用于将指定位置的字符,替换为给定的字符串;
这个函数还接受正则表达式,将指定位置的字符,替换为给定的字符串。

import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["身高"].str.replace(":","-")
print(df)

运行效果

玩转Pandas函数

13、split方法+expand参数

这个函数主要用于将一列扩展为好几列;

import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df[["身高描述","final身高"]] = df["身高"].str.split(":",expand=True)
print(df)

运行效果

玩转Pandas函数

14、strip、rstrip、lstrip函数

这个函数主要用于去除空白符、换行符;
strip去除左右两边的空白字符; rstrip去除右边的空白字符;
lstrip去除左边的空白字符。


df["姓名"] = df["姓名"].str.strip()

15、 findall函数

这个函数主要用于利用正则表达式,去字符串中匹配,返回查找结果的列表;

s = pd.Series(['Lion', 'Monkey', 'Rabbit'])

搜索模式”Monkey”会返回一个匹配项:

>>> s.str.findall('Monkey')
0          []
1    [Monkey]
2          []
dtype:object

另一方面,模式”MONKEY”的搜索不返回任何匹配:

>>> s.str.findall('MONKEY')
0    []
1    []
2    []
dtype:object

可以将标志添加到模式或正则表达式中。例如,要找到忽略大小写的模式”MONKEY”:

>>> import re
>>> s.str.findall('MONKEY', flags=re.IGNORECASE)
0          []
1    [Monkey]
2          []
dtype:object

当模式匹配 Series 中的多个字符串时,返回所有匹配项:

>>> s.str.findall('on')
0    [on]
1    [on]
2      []
dtype:object

也支持正则表达式。例如,搜索以单词’on’ 结尾的所有字符串如下所示:

>>> s.str.findall('on$')
0    [on]
1      []
2      []
dtype:object

如果在同一个字符串中多次找到该模式,则返回多个字符串的列表:

>>> s.str.findall('b')
0        []
1        []
2    [b, b]
dtype:object

16、extract、extractall函数

这个函数主要用于接受正则表达式,抽取匹配的字符串(一定要加上括号);

import pandas as pd
df ={'姓名':[' 黄同学','黄至尊','黄老邪','陈大美','孙尚香'],
     '英文名':['Huang tong_xue','huang zhi_zun','Huang Lao_xie','Chen Da_mei','sun shang_xiang'],
     '性别':['男','women','men','女','男'],
     '身份证':['463895200003128433','429475199912122345','420934199110102311','431085200005230122','420953199509082345'],
     '身高':['mid:175_good','low:165_bad','low:159_bad','high:180_verygood','low:172_bad'],
     '家庭住址':['湖北广水','河南信阳','广西桂林','湖北孝感','广东广州'],
     '电话号码':['13434813546','19748672895','16728613064','14561586431','19384683910'],
     '收入':['1.1万','8.5千','0.9万','6.5千','2.0万']}

df = pd.DataFrame(df)

df=df["身高"].str.extract("([a-zA-Z]+)")

df=df["身高"].str.extractall("([a-zA-Z]+)")

df=df["身高"].str.extract("([a-zA-Z]+).*?([a-zA-Z]+)",expand=True)
print(df)
print(type(df))

运行效果

玩转Pandas函数

Original: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40241957/article/details/124186725
Author: Java全栈研发大联盟
Title: 玩转Pandas函数

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