Redis（二）

本文分为以下几个部分：

基础知识

五大基本数据类型

• String
• List
• Set
• Hash
• ZSet

基础知识

[root@qundd src]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> config get databases    #获取数据库数量
1) "databases"
2) "16"
127.0.0.1:6379> select 1    #切换到1号数据库
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> select 0 #切换到0号数据库
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> dbsize      #数据库大小
(integer) 0

• 入门操作

tab 键可自动补全

127.0.0.1:6379> set name 1  #设置值，set key value
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get name    #获取值
"1"
127.0.0.1:6379> dbsize      #数据库大小
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *      #获取当前数据库中所有（*）key，key大小写敏感
1) "name"
127.0.0.1:6379> EXISTS name #是否存在name这个key，命令大小写不敏感
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> move name 1 #迁移到1号数据库
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> flushdb     #清空当前数据库
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> flushall    #清空所有数据库
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> clear       #跟linux的clear一样，好看用的
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
(empty array)
127.0.0.1:6379> dbsize
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> set name 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> EXPIRE name 20  #设置name过期时间 20s
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl name    #查看name剩余时间
(integer) 17
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl name    #当 -2 的时候，表示已过期，-1表示永不过期
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
(empty array)

五大基本数据类型

127.0.0.1:6379> set k1 hello
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get k1
"hello"
127.0.0.1:6379> append k1 world
(integer) 10
127.0.0.1:6379> get k1
"helloworld"

127.0.0.1:6379> strlen k1
(integer) 10

127.0.0.1:6379> del k1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> get k1  不存在返回(nil)
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
(empty array)

127.0.0.1:6379> set k1 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get k1
"1"
127.0.0.1:6379> incr k1
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> get k1
"2"
127.0.0.1:6379> decr k1
(integer) 1

incrby key value 给key增长value

decrby key value 给key减少value

127.0.0.1:6379> incrby k1 9
(integer) 10
127.0.0.1:6379> get k1
"10"
127.0.0.1:6379> DECRBY k1 9
(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> set k2 "hello world"
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> GETRANGE k2 0 2
"hel"
127.0.0.1:6379> GETRANGE k2 0 -1    #第二个位置使用 -1，获取所有
"hello world"

#setrange key offset value
127.0.0.1:6379> SETRANGE k2 1 aa    #从第一个位置开始使用aa替换
(integer) 11
127.0.0.1:6379> get k2
"haalo world"

#setex key second value
127.0.0.1:6379> setex k3 20 v3
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl k3
(integer) 18
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl k3
(integer) -2

127.0.0.1:6379> setnx k4 v4
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> setnx k4 v4 #存在则设置失败
(integer) 0

msetnx，要么同时set成功，要么均不set成功

127.0.0.1:6379> flushdb
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> mset k1 v1 k2 v2 k3 v3
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> mget k1 k2 k3
1) "v1"
2) "v2"
3) "v3"
127.0.0.1:6379> msetnx k3 v3 k4 v4  #存在k3，设置失败，k4也设置失败
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "k3"
2) "k2"
3) "k1"

127.0.0.1:6379> getset k1 kk
"v1"
127.0.0.1:6379> get k1
"kk"

可以做 stack，也可以做quque，

lrange截取，和String range用法相同

127.0.0.1:6379> flushall
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> lpush list v1   #从左边插入
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> lpush list v2
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> lpush list v3
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> rpush list v0   #从右侧插入
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list 0 -1    #查看list中所有数据，-1和getrange一样，其他用法一样
1) "v3"
2) "v2"
3) "v1"
4) "v0"

127.0.0.1:6379> lpop list   #左侧弹出，左侧添加的最后一个为v3
"v3"
127.0.0.1:6379> rpop list   #右侧弹出，右侧最后一个为v0
"v0"
127.0.0.1:6379> rpop list   #右侧弹出，右侧最后一个为v1
"v1"
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list 0 -1
1) "v2"

#... 恢复之前的数据
#如果是lpush加入的，后加入的index小，如果是rpush加入的，后加入的index大
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list 0 -1
1) "v3"
2) "v2"
3) "v1"
4) "v0"
127.0.0.1:6379> lindex list 2   #获取第二个位置的value值
"v1"

127.0.0.1:6379> llen list
(integer) 4

#lrem key 个数 value值
#删除key中多少个某个元素，后加入（lpush）的先删除
127.0.0.1:6379> lrem list 1 v0
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list 0 -1
1) "v3"
2) "v2"
3) "v1"

127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list 0 -1
1) "v3"
2) "v2"
3) "v1"
127.0.0.1:6379> LTRIM list 0 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list 0 -1
1) "v3"
2) "v2"

#lset key 位置 value值
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list 0 -1
1) "v3"
2) "v2"
127.0.0.1:6379> lset list 0 v1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> LRANGE list 0 -1
1) "v1"
2) "v2"
127.0.0.1:6379> lset l 0 1  #不存在该list报错
(error) ERR no such key

#linsert key before|after 元素 要插入的元素value值
127.0.0.1:6379> LRANGE list 0 -1
1) "v1"
2) "v2"
127.0.0.1:6379> linsert list before v1 v0   #在v1前（理解为lpush）加入值
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> LRANGE list 0 -1
1) "v0"
2) "v1"
3) "v2"
127.0.0.1:6379> linsert list after v2 v3    #在v2后（理解为rpush）加入值
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> LRANGE list 0 -1
1) "v0"
2) "v1"
3) "v2"
4) "v3"

将一个list rpop，再 lpush 进另一个list

127.0.0.1:6379> RPOPLPUSH list list2
"v3"
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list 0 -1
1) "v0"
2) "v1"
3) "v2"
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list2 0 -1
1) "v3"

127.0.0.1:6379> flushdb
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set v1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set v2
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set v3
(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set
1) "v1"
2) "v2"
3) "v3"

#sismember 集合 元素
127.0.0.1:6379> sismember set v3
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> sismember set v4
(integer) 0

127.0.0.1:6379> scard set
(integer) 3

#srem 集合 元素
127.0.0.1:6379> srem set v2
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set
1) "v1"
2) "v3"

#SRANDMEMBER 集合 （个数）
127.0.0.1:6379> SRANDMEMBER set
"v3"
127.0.0.1:6379> SRANDMEMBER set
"v1"

#spop 集合 （个数）
127.0.0.1:6379> spop set
"v3"
127.0.0.1:6379> spop set
"v1"
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set
(empty array)

#smove 原集合 目标集合 原集合的value值
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set v1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set v2
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set v3
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set2 v4    #注意为set2
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> smove set set2 v3
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set
1) "v1"
2) "v2"
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set2
1) "v4"
2) "v3"

都可以多个集合使用 sinter|sunion|sdiff set [set…]

127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set
1) "v1"
2) "v2"
3) "v3"
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set2
1) "v4"
2) "v3"
127.0.0.1:6379> SINTER set set2
1) "v3"
127.0.0.1:6379> SUNION set set2
1) "v4"
2) "v1"
3) "v2"
4) "v3"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff set set2  #在前一个集合中，不在后面集合中的元素
1) "v1"
2) "v2"

hash key field(k) value

#hset key field value值
#hget key field
127.0.0.1:6379> flushdb
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> hset hash f1 v1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> hset hash f2 v2
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> hset hash f3 v3
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> hget hash f1
"v1"

127.0.0.1:6379> hmset hash f4 v4 f5 v5
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> hmget hash f1 f2 f3 f4 f5
1) "v1"
2) "v2"
3) "v3"
4) "v4"
5) "v5"

127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall hash
 1) "f1"
 2) "v1"
 3) "f2"
 4) "v2"
 5) "f3"
 6) "v3"
 7) "f4"
 8) "v4"
 9) "f5"
10) "v5"

127.0.0.1:6379> hdel hash f1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall hash
1) "f2"
2) "v2"
3) "f3"
4) "v3"
5) "f4"
6) "v4"
7) "f5"
8) "v5"

127.0.0.1:6379> hlen hash
(integer) 4

#hexists key field
127.0.0.1:6379> hexists hash f1
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> hexists hash f2
(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> hkeys hash
1) "f2"
2) "f3"
3) "f4"
4) "f5"
127.0.0.1:6379> HVALS hash
1) "v2"
2) "v3"
3) "v4"
4) "v5"

127.0.0.1:6379> hset hash f1 1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> HINCRBY hash f1 2
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> hget hash f1
"3"

127.0.0.1:6379> hsetnx hash f5 v5
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> hsetnx hash f6 v6
(integer) 1

zset key score value

zrange 截取，和String用法相同

127.0.0.1:6379> flushdb
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> ping
PONG
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd set 1 one
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd set 2 two 3 three
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange set 0 -1
1) "one"
2) "two"
3) "three"

#zrevrange key 开始位置 结束位置
127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrange set 0 -1
1) "three"
2) "two"
3) "one"

#zrangebyscore set 最小值 最大值 [显示包含score] [limit 从第几个开始 多少个]
127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore set -inf +inf
1) "one"
2) "two"
3) "three"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore set -inf +inf withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"
3) "two"
4) "2"
5) "three"
6) "3"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore set -inf +inf withscores limit 0 2
1) "one"
2) "1"
3) "two"
4) "2"

127.0.0.1:6379> zrem set one
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE set 0 -1
1) "two"
2) "three"

127.0.0.1:6379> zcard set
(integer) 2

127.0.0.1:6379> zcount set 1 2
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zcount set -inf +inf
(integer) 2

Original: https://www.cnblogs.com/ytryhard/p/15021851.html
Author: 抱糖果彡
Title: Redis（二）