Dockerfile
基本结构
Dockerfile 是一个文本格式的配置文件，用户可以使用 Dockerfile 快速创建自定义镜像。
Dockerfile 由一行行命令语句组成，并且支持以 # 开头的注释行。
Docker分为四部分：
基础镜像信息
维护者信息
镜像操作指令
容器启动时默认执行的指令
[En]
Instructions to be executed by default when the container starts
例如：
第一行必须指定基于的基础镜像
FROM centos
维护者信息
LABEL MANTAINER "lvnanhai66 1@36.com"
镜像操作指令
RUN useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin apache
容器启动时默认要执行的指令
CMD ["/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd","-D","FOREGROUND"]
首先，必须指定它所基于的映像的名称，然后是维护者信息。
[En]
At first, the name of the image on which it is based must be specified, followed by maintainer information.
后面则是镜像操作指令，例如RUN指令，RUN指令将对镜像执行跟随的命令。每运行一条RUN指令，镜像添加新的一层，并提交。
最后是CMD指令来指定运行容器时的操作指令。
指令
指令的一般格式为INSTRUCTION arguments，指令包括：
FROM
LABEL MAINTAINER
RUN
CMD
EXPOSE
ENV
ADD
COPY
ENTRYPOINT
VOLUME
USER
WORKDIR
ONBUILD
FROM
该函数用于指定基本图像，并且必须是第一条指令。
[En]
The function is to specify the base image and must be the first instruction.
如果不以任何镜像为基础，那么写法为：FROM scratch。
这也意味着下一条指令将从镜像的第一层开始。
[En]
It also means that the next instruction will start as the first layer of the mirror image.
FROM centos //基于centos的镜像
语法：
FROM <image>
FROM <image>:<tag>
FROM <image>:<digest>
三种选项，其中<tag>和<digest>是可选项，如果没有选择那么默认就是latest
</digest></tag></digest></image></tag></image></image>
LABEL MAINTAINER
指定维护者信息
语法:LABEL MAINTAINER <name email_address>
LABEL MANTAINER "lvnanhai66 1@36.com"
</name>
RUN
功能为运行指定的命令
RUN命令有两种格式
1.RUN command
2.RUN [“executable”, “param1”, “param2”]
前者将在shell终端中运行命令，即/bin/sh -c；后者则使用exec执行。指定使用其他终端可以通过第二种方式实现，例如：RUN [“/bin/bash”,”-c”,”echo hello”]
每条RUN指令将在当前镜像基础上执行指定命令，并提交为新的镜像。当命令较长时可以使用 \ 来换行
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd/
[root@localhost httpd]# ls
Dockerfile files
[root@localhost httpd]# vim Dockerfile
[root@localhost httpd]# cat Dockerfile
FROM busybox
LABEL MANTAINER "lvnanhai66 1@36.com"
RUN echo "hello lnh" > /tmp/abc
[root@localhost httpd]# podman build -t httpd:1.0 .
STEP 1/3: FROM busybox
STEP 2/3: LABEL MANTAINER "lvnanhai66 1@36.com"
--> d761206551e
STEP 3/3: RUN echo "hello lnh" > /tmp/abc
COMMIT httpd:1.0
--> 80125d342c8
Successfully tagged localhost/httpd:1.0
80125d342c8d86708b7c9a572ea46876a361a2c6a6b21c6b4ad66c4c00dd0b37
[root@localhost httpd]# podman run -it --rm httpd:1.0 /bin/sh
/ # cd /tmp/
/tmp # ls
abc
CMD
CMD支持三种格式：
1.CMD [“executable”,”param1″,”param2″]使用exec执行，推荐方式
2.CMD command param1 param2在/bin/sh中执行，提供给需要交互的应用
3.CMD [“param1″,”param2”]提供给ENTRYPOINT的默认参数
CMD用于指定启动容器时默认要执行的命令，每个Dockerfile只能有一条CMD命令。如果指定了多条命令，只有最后一条会被执行。
如果用户启动容器时指定了运行的命令，则会覆盖掉CMD指定的命令。
不要把RUN和CMD搞混了。
RUN是构件容器时就运行的命令以及提交运行结果
CMD是容器启动时执行的命令，在构件时并不运行，构件时紧紧指定了这个命令到底是个什么样子
CMD ["/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd","-D","FOREGROUND"]
EXPOSE
格式为EXPOSE port [port…]。
例如：
EXPOSE 22 80 8443
EXPOSE用于告诉Docker服务器容器暴露的端口号，供互联系统使用。
在启动容器时通过-P，Docker主机会自动分配一个端口转发到指定的端口；
使用-p则可以具体指定哪个本地端口映射过来。
ENV
格式为ENV key value 。指定一个环境变量，会被后续RUN指令使用，并在容器运行时保持。
ENV PATH /usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH //配置环境变量
ADD
格式为ADD src dest
该命令将复制指定的src到容器中的dest。其中src可以是Dockerfile所在目录的一个相对路径（文件或目录）；也可以是一个URL；还可以是一个tar文件（会自动解压为目录）。
[root@localhost httpd]# ls
Dockerfile files
[root@localhost httpd]# ls files/
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz entrypoint.sh httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
[root@localhost httpd]# vim Dockerfile
[root@localhost httpd]# cat Dockerfile
FROM busybox
ADD files/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz /tmp/
[root@localhost httpd]# podman build -t httpd:2.0 .
STEP 1/2: FROM busybox
STEP 2/2: ADD files/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz /tmp/
COMMIT httpd:2.0
--> 5a9f6d599dc
Successfully tagged localhost/httpd:2.0
5a9f6d599dc3245e3bfba5877bd84f155d9410e1fff6a679a8ebab954f530f1a
[root@localhost httpd]# podman run -it --rm httpd:2.0 /bin/sh
/ # cd tmp/
/tmp # ls
apr-1.7.0
/tmp #
COPY
格式为COPY <src> <dest>。
复制本地主机的<src>（为Dockerfile所在目录的相对路径，文件或目录）为容器中的<dest>。目标路径不存在时会自动创建。
当使用本地目录为源目录时，推荐使用COPY。
</dest></src></dest></src>
ENTRYPOINT
ENTRYPOINT有两种格式：
ENTRYPOINT [“executable”,”param1″,”param2″]
ENTRYPOINT command param1 param2（在shell中执行）
配置容器启动后执行的命令，并且不可被docker run提供的参数覆盖。而且，如果在docker run的后面提供了参数，这些命令行参数会被当作参数传递给ENTRYPOINT指定的程序。
每个Dockerfile中只能有一个ENTRYPOINT，当指定多个ENTRYPOINT时，只有最后一个生效。
例如:ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash","/entrypoint.sh"]
VOLUME
格式为VOLUME [“/data”]。
创建可从本地主机或其他容器装载的装载点，该装载点通常用于存储数据库、要维护的数据等。
[En]
Create a mount point that can be mounted from a local host or other container, which is generally used to store databases, data to be maintained, etc.
USER
格式为USER daemon。
指定运行容器时的用户名或UID，后续的RUN也会使用指定用户。
当服务不需要管理员权限时，您可以通过此命令指定运行的用户。您还可以在此之前创建所需的用户，例如：
[En]
When the service does not require administrator privileges, you can specify the running user through this command. And you can create the desired users before, for example:
RUN groupadd -r postgres && useradd -r -g postgres postgres
要临时获取管理员权限可以使用gosu，而不推荐sudo。如果不指定，容器默认是root运行。
WORKDIR
语法：
WORKDIR /path/to/workdir
设置工作目录，对RUN,CMD,ENTRYPOINT,COPY,ADD生效。如果不存在则会创建，也可以设置多次。
如:
WORKDIR /a
WORKDIR b
WORKDIR c
RUN pwd
pwd执行的结果是/a/b/c
WORKDIR也可以解析环境变量
如：
ENV DIRPATH /path
WORKDIR $DIRPATH/$DIRNAME
RUN pwd
pwd的执行结果是/path/$DIRNAME
ONBUILD
格式为ONBUILD [INSTRUCTION]。
配置将创建的镜像用作其他镜像的基本镜像时执行的操作说明。
[En]
Configure the operation instructions that are performed when the created mirror is used as the base mirror for other mirrors.
例如，Dockerfile使用如下的内容创建了镜像image-A
[...]
ONBUILD ADD . /app/src
ONBUILD RUN /usr/local/bin/python-build --dir /app/src
[...]
此时，如果基于image-A创建新的镜像时，新的Dockerfile中使用FROM image-A指定基础镜像时，会自动执行ONBUILD指令的内容，等价于在后面添加了两条指令。
FROM image-A
Automatically run the following
ADD . /app/src
RUN /usr/local/bin/python-build --dir /app/src
使用ONBUILD指令的镜像，推荐在标签中注明，例如ruby:1.9-onbuild。
创建镜像(centos版)
用podman进行dockefile做一个httpd编译安装的镜像，要求要控制版本号，要用到dockerfile中大部分指令及用脚本方式启动程序，上传到官方镜像仓库
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir httpd
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd/
[root@localhost httpd]# touch Dockerfile
[root@localhost httpd]# mkdir files
[root@localhost httpd]# ls
Dockerfile files
//创建一个目录，在这个目录下面创建一个Dockerfile文件和存放安装包的目录files
[root@localhost httpd]# cd files/
[root@localhost files]# wget https://downloads.apache.org/apr/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz https://downloads.apache.org/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz https://downloads.apache.org/httpd/httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
[root@localhost files]# ls
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
//下载安装包
[root@localhost files]# vim entrypoint.sh
[root@localhost files]# cat entrypoint.sh
#!/bin/bash
sed -i '/^#ServerName/s/#//g' /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
exec "$@"
[root@localhost files]# chmod +x entrypoint.sh //赋予脚本执行权限
[root@localhost files]# ll
total 11136
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1093896 Apr 5 2019 apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 554301 Oct 23 2017 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 88 Aug 30 16:43 entrypoint.sh
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9743277 Jun 8 16:42 httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
//写一个脚本作为启动程序
[root@localhost files]# cd ..
[root@localhost httpd]# ls
Dockerfile files
[root@localhost httpd]# vim Dockerfile
[root@localhost httpd]# cat Dockerfile
FROM centos
LABEL MANTAINER "lvnanhai66 1@36.com"
ENV apache_version 2.4.54 //apache版本号
ENV PATH /usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH //配置环境变量
ADD files/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz /usr/src/
ADD files/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz /usr/src/
ADD files/httpd-${apache_version}.tar.gz /usr/src/ //这样可以更换
ADD files/entrypoint.sh / //将这个脚本放到根下面
RUN useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin apache && \
cd /etc/yum.repos.d && rm -r * && \
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo && \
sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo && \
yum clean all && yum makecache && \
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool && \
cd /usr/src/apr-1.7.0 && \
sed -i '/$RM "$cfgfile"/d' configure && \
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr && \
make && make install && \
cd ../apr-util-1.6.1 && \
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr && \
make && make install && \
cd ../httpd-${apache_version} && \
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
--enable-so \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-rewrite \
--with-zlib \
--with-pcre \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
--enable-modules=most \
--enable-mpms-shared=all \
--with-mpm=prefork && \
make && make install && \
yum clean all && \ //清除缓存
yum -y remove gcc gcc-c++ make && \ //这些编译工具可以清除
rm -rf /tmp/* /usr/src/* //这个下面的文件可以清除
EXPOSE 80 //映射的端口号
WORKDIR /usr/local/apache //相当于cd这个目录
CMD ["/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd","-D","FOREGROUND"] //此处加了绝对路径
ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash","/entrypoint.sh"] //不知道有没有权限，可以直接加bin/bash
[root@localhost httpd]# podman build -t httpd:v3.0 .
....
STEP 13/13: ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash","/entrypoint.sh"]
COMMIT httpd:v3.0
--> f65d0bb9ee1
Successfully tagged localhost/httpd:v3.0
f65d0bb9ee17efdffdb53dc52fb92188aaa5fa1ea90cc11e2939855ba71f8ec3
让这个镜像运行一个容器进行测试：
[root@localhost httpd]# podman images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
localhost/httpd v3.0 f65d0bb9ee17 About a minute ago 405 MB
docker.io/library/httpd latest dabbfbe0c57b 8 months ago 148 MB
quay.io/centos/centos latest 300e315adb2f 21 months ago 217 MB
[root@localhost httpd]# podman run -d httpd:v3.0
fcf786713d9b55793b997cc98e3571535b1fd4c0553409f3bb18bfd9d51fd234
[root@localhost httpd]# podman ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
fcf786713d9b localhost/httpd:v3.0 /usr/local/apache... 4 seconds ago Up 4 seconds ago xenodochial_morse
[root@localhost httpd]# podman inspect -l |grep -i ipaddr
//过滤查看ip
"IPAddress": "10.88.0.6",
"IPAddress": "10.88.0.6",
[root@localhost httpd]# curl 10.88.0.6 //访问成功
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>
上传镜像：
[root@localhost httpd]# podman tag httpd:v3.0 docker.io/lvnanhai66/httpd:v3.0
[root@localhost httpd]# podman images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
localhost/httpd v3.0 f65d0bb9ee17 8 minutes ago 405 MB
docker.io/lvnanhai66/httpd v3.0 f65d0bb9ee17 8 minutes ago 405 MB
docker.io/library/httpd latest dabbfbe0c57b 8 months ago 148 MB
quay.io/centos/centos latest 300e315adb2f 21 months ago 217 MB
[root@localhost httpd]# podman login docker.io
Username: lvnanhai66
Password:
Login Succeeded!
[root@localhost httpd]# podman push docker.io/lvnanhai66/httpd:v3.0
Getting image source signatures
Copying blob 3f49a2cae693 done
Copying blob 90fc92241475 done
Copying blob 8cfba8022d3f done
Copying blob 34214738da46 done
Copying blob bea1ef732da4 done
Copying blob 2653d992f4ef done
Copying config f65d0bb9ee done
Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
拉取自己的镜像运行容器：
[root@localhost ~]# podman run -d --name web -P docker.io/lvnanhai66/httpd:v3.0
Trying to pull docker.io/lvnanhai66/httpd:v3.0...
Getting image source signatures
Copying blob 929704506730 skipped: already exists
Copying blob 26ad906b0de6 done
Copying blob c63ffcca07e0 done
Copying blob 45fdf32689c6 done
Copying blob 0b040dd24d11 done
Copying blob 841f6f1ffedd done
Copying config f65d0bb9ee done
Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
4d770508e2552c6ab554079fccf9e72ed79ed43ffcad5d6564d2cac3a07527d6
[root@localhost ~]# podman ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
4d770508e255 docker.io/lvnanhai66/httpd:v3.0 /usr/local/apache... 8 seconds ago Up 8 seconds ago 0.0.0.0:40607->80/tcp web
[root@localhost ~]# podman ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
4d770508e255 docker.io/lvnanhai66/httpd:v3.0 /usr/local/apache... 19 seconds ago Up 19 seconds ago 0.0.0.0:40607->80/tcp web
//如果发现拉取不下来可以加加速器进行注释（cd /etc/containers/然后vim registries.conf）
创建镜像(alpine版)
用podman进行dockefile做一个httpd编译安装的镜像，要求要控制版本号，要用到dockerfile中大部分指令及用脚本方式启动程序，上传到官方镜像仓库,基于alpine镜像进行dockerfile，使其大小在70M以内
Alpinel 编译软件注意事项
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir httpd
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd/
[root@localhost httpd]# touch Dockerfile
[root@localhost httpd]# mkdir files
[root@localhost httpd]# ls
Dockerfile files
//创建一个目录，在这个目录下面创建一个Dockerfile文件和存放安装包的目录files
[root@localhost httpd]# cd files/
[root@localhost files]# wget https://downloads.apache.org/apr/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz https://downloads.apache.org/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz https://downloads.apache.org/httpd/httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
[root@localhost files]# ls
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
//下载安装包
[root@localhost files]# vim entrypoint.sh
[root@localhost files]# cat entrypoint.sh
#!/bin/bash
sed -i '/^#ServerName/s/#//g' /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
exec "$@"
[root@localhost files]# chmod +x entrypoint.sh //赋予脚本执行权限
[root@localhost files]# ll
total 11136
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1093896 Apr 5 2019 apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 554301 Oct 23 2017 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 88 Aug 31 22:38 entrypoint.sh
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9743277 Jun 8 16:42 httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz
//写一个脚本作为启动程序
[root@localhost files]# cd ..
[root@localhost httpd]# ls
Dockerfile files
编写dockerfile:
[root@localhost httpd]# vim Dockerfile
[root@localhost httpd]# cat Dockerfile
FROM alpine
LABEL MANTAINER "lvnanhai66 1@36.com"
ENV apr_version=1.7.0 apr_util_version=1.6.1 httpd_version=2.4.54
ADD files/* /tmp/
RUN sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/apk/repositories && \
apk update && \
adduser -SHs /sbin/nologin apache && \
apk add --no-cache -U gcc libc-dev make expat-dev pcre-dev openssl-dev libtool && \
cd /tmp/apr-${apr_version} && \
sed -i '/$RM "$cfgfile"/d' configure && \
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr && \
make && make install && \
cd /tmp/apr-util-${apr_util_version} && \
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr && \
make && make install && \
cd /tmp/httpd-${httpd_version} && \
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
--enable-so \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-rewrite \
--with-zlib \
--with-pcre \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
--enable-modules=most \
--enable-mpms-shared=all \
--with-mpm=prefork && \
make && make install && \
mv /tmp/entrypoint.sh / && \
apk del gcc make && \
rm -rf /tmp/* /var/cache/*
EXPOSE 80
WORKDIR /usr/local/apache
CMD ["/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd","-D","FOREGROUND"]
ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/sh","/entrypoint.sh"]
[root@localhost httpd]# podman build -t httpd:v4.0 .
....
STEP 9/9: ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/sh","/entrypoint.sh"]
COMMIT httpd:v6.0
--> eb89d86d65e
Successfully tagged localhost/httpd:v6.0
eb89d86d65ef414d288a662331a44740015472d6539b25f95bc8abee8ce8addb
[root@localhost httpd]# podman images //可以查看到镜像已经比较小了
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
localhost/httpd v6.0 eb89d86d65ef 8 seconds ago 120 MB
docker.io/library/alpine latest 9c6f07244728 3 weeks ago 5.83 MB
[root@localhost httpd]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /srv/web
[root@localhost ~]# cd /srv/web/
[root@localhost web]# ls
[root@localhost web]# echo "hello lnh" >index.html
[root@localhost web]# cat index.html
hello lnh
[root@localhost web]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd/
[root@localhost httpd]# podman images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
localhost/httpd v6.0 eb89d86d65ef 8 seconds ago 120 MB
docker.io/library/alpine latest 9c6f07244728 3 weeks ago 5.83 MB
[root@localhost httpd]# podman run -d --name web -p 80:80 -v /srv/web/:/usr/local/apache/htdocs/:Z httpd:v6.0 //用制作的镜像运行一个容器
a7d9d8c071e80360e3ad40ff7933337c8d9ecf24ef0fa81c72a2a85e7dec86af
[root@localhost httpd]# podman ps //查看进程状态
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a7d9d8c071e8 localhost/httpd:v6.0 /usr/local/apache... 4 seconds ago Up 4 seconds ago 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp web
[root@localhost httpd]# podman inspect -l |grep -i ipaddr //查看ip地址
"IPAddress": "10.88.0.10",
"IPAddress": "10.88.0.10",
[root@localhost httpd]# curl 10.88.0.10 //访问成功
hello lnh
进行访问:
上传镜像：
[root@localhost httpd]# podman images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
localhost/httpd v6.0 eb89d86d65ef 9 minutes ago 120 MB
docker.io/library/alpine latest 9c6f07244728 3 weeks ago 5.83 MB
[root@localhost httpd]# podman tag httpd:v6.0 docker.io/lvnanhai66/httpd:v6.0 //做标签使其和官方网站上面的一致(建议使用自己的用户名)
[root@localhost httpd]# podman images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
localhost/httpd v6.0 eb89d86d65ef 11 minutes ago 120 MB
docker.io/lvnanhai66/httpd v6.0 eb89d86d65ef 11 minutes ago 120 MB
docker.io/library/alpine latest 9c6f07244728 3 weeks ago 5.83 MB
[root@localhost ~]# podman save docker.io/lvnanhai66/httpd:v6.0 -o myhttpd.tar //将其打包成为文件
Getting image source signatures
Copying blob 994393dc58e7 done
Copying blob ff52d230cd11 done
Copying blob 7395d1756e8f done
Copying config eb89d86d65 done
Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg httpd myhttpd.tar
[root@localhost ~]# scp myhttpd.tar 192.168.222.251:/root
The authenticity of host '192.168.222.251 (192.168.222.251)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:y11UDaNXs3AnvVUnZQfAim2VHAplF09YOvQp2NemHyk.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.222.251' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.222.251's password:
myhttpd.tar 100% 114MB 92.2MB/s 00:01
//传给安装docker的虚拟主机上面
docker的安装方法
在安装了docker的虚拟主机上面进行上传镜像
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg myhttpd.tar
[root@localhost ~]# docker load -i myhttpd.tar //将镜像导入
994393dc58e7: Loading layer 5.827MB/5.827MB
ff52d230cd11: Loading layer 53.77MB/53.77MB
7395d1756e8f: Loading layer 60.25MB/60.25MB
Loaded image: lvnanhai66/httpd:v6.0
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
lvnanhai66/httpd v6.0 eb89d86d65ef 26 minutes ago 115MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker login
Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
Username: lvnanhai66
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
[root@localhost ~]# docker push lvnanhai66/httpd:v6.0
The push refers to repository [docker.io/lvnanhai66/httpd]
7395d1756e8f: Pushed
ff52d230cd11: Pushed
994393dc58e7: Pushed
v6.0: digest: sha256:b01a151e9b89e7cd994c1a6acb207183c9097bd140098bee0b63f0da35a05c02 size: 952
可以查看到上传成功，并且只有31M左右，比较小
测试:
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull lvnanhai66/httpd:v6.0
//拉取自己制作的镜像
v6.0: Pulling from lvnanhai66/httpd
213ec9aee27d: Pull complete
c220467fa6e0: Pull complete
f3a6cb94f126: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:b01a151e9b89e7cd994c1a6acb207183c9097bd140098bee0b63f0da35a05c02
Status: Downloaded newer image for lvnanhai66/httpd:v6.0
docker.io/lvnanhai66/httpd:v6.0
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
lvnanhai66/httpd v6.0 eb89d86d65ef 54 minutes ago 115MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d lvnanhai66/httpd:v6.0
b7f7f743e574f1054afb559fada840361d4ca046e9698b8e4ccb9c2124949416
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
b7f7f743e574 lvnanhai66/httpd:v6.0 "/bin/sh /entrypoint…" 5 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 80/tcp strange_hofstadter
//利用自己制作镜像成功运行一个容器
Original: https://www.cnblogs.com/tushanbu/p/16640875.html
Author: 涂山布
Title: Dockerfile
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